Carbaryl induced alterations in the level of biogenic amines in various parts of the brain of<i>Clarias batrachus</i>

Sharma, Bechan; Ram, Murali Dhar; Lata, Sneh; Gopal, Krishna

doi:10.1080/02772249309357879

“…Indeed, the experiment from Gopal and Ram proved that the snakehead fish can survive two weeks of exposure to carbofuran at a concentration exceeding the 96-h LC50 value (500 g/L) for a cyprinid [20]. In the catfish Clarias batrachus, Sharma et al [22] obtained results in good agreement with the present study. These authors found an increase in dopamine and NE levels in the hypothalamus and cortex after a 15-d exposure to carbaryl, a CB insecticide.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Chem. 21, 2002 179 insecticides in fish had been made in response to high concentrations and/or long (several weeks) periods of exposure [2,12,22]. According to the great vulnerability of these compounds to various degradation processes [4,23], such conditions of exposure are rarely achieved in aquatic ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and Behavioral Effects of Carbofuran in Goldfish (Carassius Auratus)

Bretaud¹,

Saglio²,

Saligaut³

et al. 2002

Environ Toxicol Chem

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The effects of concentration (5, 50, and 500 microg/L) and duration (24, 48 h) of exposure to carbofuran, a carbamate insecticide, were assessed on brain catecholamine (norepinephrine [NE] and dopamine), plasma glucose, and hepatic glycogen contents and behavioral activities of goldfish (Carassius auratus). After 24 h of exposure to 50 and 500 microg/L, the level of NE was increased in the olfactory bulbs. The same effect was observed after a 48-h exposure to 500 and 50 microg/L in the telencephalic hemispheres and in the hypothalamus, respectively. An increase in the level of dopamine was also found in hypothalamus after 48 h of exposure to 500 microg/L carbofuran. Plasma glucose increased in concentration after both periods of exposure to carbofuran at 50 and 500 microg/L. Hepatic glycogen concentration decreased after a 48-h exposure to the highest concentration. Behavioral endpoints related to swimming pattern and social interactions were affected after a 24-h exposure to the lowest concentration tested (5 microg/L). The relative sensitivities of these different types of responses to exposure to carbofuran are discussed in light of data on the neurotoxic effects of carbamate and organophosphate insecticides in fish.

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“…Indeed, the experiment from Gopal and Ram proved that the snakehead fish can survive two weeks of exposure to carbofuran at a concentration exceeding the 96‐h LC50 value (500 μg/L) for a cyprinid [20]. In the catfish Clarias batrachus , Sharma et al [22] obtained results in good agreement with the present study. These authors found an increase in dopamine and NE levels in the hypothalamus and cortex after a 15‐d exposure to carbaryl, a CB insecticide.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…However, the fish showed behavioral perturbations (lethargy, paralysis) similar to those reported in other species in response to acute exposure to carbamate [21]. Most of the investigations dealing with biochemical effects of carbamate insecticides in fish had been made in response to high concentrations and/or long (several weeks) periods of exposure [2, 12, 22]. According to the great vulnerability of these compounds to various degradation processes [4, 23], such conditions of exposure are rarely achieved in aquatic ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and behavioral effects of carbofuran in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Bretaud¹,

Saglio²,

Saligaut³

et al. 2002

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The effects of concentration (5, 50, and 500 microg/L) and duration (24, 48 h) of exposure to carbofuran, a carbamate insecticide, were assessed on brain catecholamine (norepinephrine [NE] and dopamine), plasma glucose, and hepatic glycogen contents and behavioral activities of goldfish (Carassius auratus). After 24 h of exposure to 50 and 500 microg/L, the level of NE was increased in the olfactory bulbs. The same effect was observed after a 48-h exposure to 500 and 50 microg/L in the telencephalic hemispheres and in the hypothalamus, respectively. An increase in the level of dopamine was also found in hypothalamus after 48 h of exposure to 500 microg/L carbofuran. Plasma glucose increased in concentration after both periods of exposure to carbofuran at 50 and 500 microg/L. Hepatic glycogen concentration decreased after a 48-h exposure to the highest concentration. Behavioral endpoints related to swimming pattern and social interactions were affected after a 24-h exposure to the lowest concentration tested (5 microg/L). The relative sensitivities of these different types of responses to exposure to carbofuran are discussed in light of data on the neurotoxic effects of carbamate and organophosphate insecticides in fish.

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“…The inhibition in LDH activity and rise in lactic acid levels in the tissues of carbaryl treated C. batrachus indicated that the rate of glycolysis in the tissues was higher and that of TCA cycle was lower in the teleost. The earlier reports from this laboratory have established that carbaryl induced the level of biogenic amines in different parts of the fish brain 11 and drastically inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase in fish tissues 12 showing the neurotoxic effect of carbaryl on C. batrachus. The accumulation of lactic acid and inhibition of LDH activity in fish tissues exposed to carbaryl (present investigation) suggest that the pesticide also interferes with energy metabolism of C. batrachus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Changes in lactic acid content and activity of lactate dehydrogenase inclarias batrachus, exposed to carbaryl

Sharma

¹

,

Gopal

²

1995

Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry

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Ciarias batrachus, the fresh water teleost, were exposed to subacute concentrations (1,2 and 4 mg/L) of carbaryl (LC50; 15.08 mg/L) for 96 hr and 15 days. Its effect on lactic acid content and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in various tissues and blood of the fish was investigated. Carbaryl at all concentrations tested and both incubation periods caused accumulation of lactic acid in different fish tissues; the level being higher at 96 hr than that at 15 days. In blood, lactic acid concentration increased in 15 days treated fish over 96 hr. the activity of LDH decreased sharply in carbaryl treated tissues. The inhibition of enzyme increased with rise in pesticide concentration as well as the duration of treatment. The toxic effect of carbaryl on LDH activity was higher in liver, heart, muscle and gills than in kidney and spleen. The results suggest significant alterations in energy metabolism of C. batrachus induced by carbaryl.

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Carbaryl induced alterations in the level of biogenic amines in various parts of the brain ofClarias batrachus

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Biochemical and Behavioral Effects of Carbofuran in Goldfish (Carassius Auratus)

Biochemical and Behavioral Effects of Carbofuran in Goldfish (Carassius Auratus)

Biochemical and behavioral effects of carbofuran in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Changes in lactic acid content and activity of lactate dehydrogenase inclarias batrachus, exposed to carbaryl

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