Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa originating from farm animals and people in Egypt

Abstract

Introduction Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) has become the leading cause of health care-associated infections. Treatment is difficult due to the lack of an effective antimicrobial therapy, and mortality is high. This study investigated the occurrence of CRPA in farm animals (buffaloes and cattle), livestock drinking water, and humans in Egypt. Material and Methods A total of 180 samples were examined: 50 faecal each from buffaloes and cattle, 30 of livestock drinking water, and 50 stool from humans. The samples were cultured on cetrimide agar and the plates were incubated aerobically at 37°C for 24 h. The isolates were examined for the presence of the blaKPC, blaOXA-48, and blaNDM carbapenemase-encoding genes using PCR and investigated for the exotoxin A (toxA) gene. The toxA gene from carbapenem- group resistant isolates was phylogenetically analysed. Results P. aeruginosa was isolated from buffaloes, cattle, drinking water, and humans, with occurrences of 40%, 34%, 10%, and 20%, respectively. Carbapenem resistance genes were found in 60%, 59%, 67%, and 70% in buffalo, cattle, water and human samples, respectively. The toxA gene was detected in 80% of samples. The phylogenetic analysis showed that cattle and water sequences were in one cluster and more related to each other than to human isolates. Conclusion Occurrence of CRPA among farm animals, drinking water, and humans was high, reflecting the environmental origin of P. aeruginosa and highlighting contaminated water as a potential transmitter of CRPA to livestock and next to humans.

Detection of Multidrug Resistant Gram Negative Bacteria in Healthy Cattle from Maiduguri Metropolitan, Nigeria

“…P. aeruginosa as an adaptive pathogens, exhibiting multidrug drug pattern is worrisome. We report 70% P. aeruginosa resistance which is in agreement with previous studies depending on the class of antibiotics [40,41]. Similar multidrug resistance P. aeruginosa has been previously reported in healthy cattle from France and elsewhere [42,43,44].…”

It’s Not Easy Being Green: A Narrative Review on the Microbiology, Virulence and Therapeutic Prospects of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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Molecular Epidemiology of Carbapenemases in Enterobacteriales from Humans, Animals, Food and the Environment

“…In their follow up study, Wang et al [ 129 ] demonstrated clonal commonality between bla NDM -positive E. coli isolates from chicken farms, slaughterhouses, supermarkets, and humans, belonging to sequence types ST10 and ST156. Recently, another study in Egypt by Elshafiee et al [ 130 ] provided strong evidences of direct transmission of CRE to humans from farm animals. Another study by Li et al [ 124 ], investigated the prevalence, risk factors, and drivers of CRE transmission between humans and their backyard animals in rural China that provided direct evidence of inter-host transmission of bla NDM producing E. coli between humans and backyard animals.…”