Caracterização e evolução de solos em vertentes assimétricas da Reserva Ecológica da Sapiranga - Tabuleiros Costeiros do Litoral Norte do Estado da Bahia

Abstract

Integrating soil and relief contribute to the understanding of the evolution of landscapes and subsidize the planning of use and occupation of lands, mainly in places under urban sprawl, as Northeast Coast of Bahia. This work looked for understand the factors that promoted the podzolization and how part of the Coastal Tablelands’ relief may had evolved. To reach those goals, analysis of images of the study area were made, followed by fieldwork, elaboration of two catenas, classification of soils and physical and chemical laboratory analysis. Despite being located under similar climate conditions and present common podzolization processes, both slopes present very distinct pedogeomorphological conformations, resulted of depositional, geochemical and topographical dynamics. Therefore, the slope “A” presents in its summit a Arenosol, a soil constituted by white sand that is possibly the result of the eolian rework of Pleistocene-age alluvial fans or fluvial deposition of Pojuca river, being succeeded by a Podzol, in the back slope, and by a Cambisol, in the foot slope, arising from sediments of the Grupo Barreiras. In the slope “B” was identified a pedological transformation system from Ferralsol to Podzol. Thus, in the summit is present a Ferralsol, succeeded by a Podzol, which is succeeded by a Podzol again. This work demonstrates that the study area shows a current pedogeomorphological set resulted of neotectonic reactivation and podzolization.