Caracterização de danos causados por Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera, Tephritidae) e desenvolvimento larval em frutos de duas cultivares de quivizeiro (Actinidia spp.)

Abstract

RESUMO -Os danos causados por A. fraterculus em três estágios de maturação de frutos de quivizeiro foram avaliados em pomar comercial, e, em laboratório, o desenvolvimento larval da espécie foi estudado, nas cultivares MG06 e Bruno. Frutos das duas cultivares foram infestados com A. fraterculus, em pomar comercial localizado em Farroupilha-RS, no início (30% do tamanho final), metade (90% do tamanho final) e final (ponto de colheita) do ciclo de desenvolvimento, e, em laboratório, desde o início da frutificação até a colheita. Na cultivar MG06, três dias após a primeira infestação, observou-se a formação de exsudato cristalino nos locais de punctura que evolui, na colheita, para rachaduras, depressões e primórdios de galerias nos frutos. Na mesma cultivar, registrou-se fibrose nos frutos infestados no fim do ciclo (ponto de colheita). Apesar de terem sidos computados ovos nos frutos, a campo não houve desenvolvimento larval nessa cultivar. Na Bruno, não foram constatados danos e ovos, indicando a imunidade da cultivar. Não houve queda de frutos atribuída a A. fraterculus nas duas cultivares. Verificou-se o desenvolvimento larval, em laboratório, quando os frutos apresentavam, no mínimo, 6,4% e 7,0% de sólidos solúveis totais, respectivamente, para as cultivares MG06 e Bruno. Termos para indexação: mosca-das-frutas-sul-americana; quivi; danos. DAMAGE AND LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF Anastrepha fraterculus (DIPTERA, TEPHRITIDAE) IN FRUITS OF TWO KIWI CULTIVARS (Actinidia spp.)ABSTRACT -The damage caused by A. fraterculus in three ripening stages of kiwi were evaluated in commercial orchards and, in laboratory, larval development of this species was studied in cultivars MG06 and Bruno. Fruits of both cultivars were infested with A. fraterculus in orchards at Farroupilha-RS, in the beginning (30% of their final size), middle (30% of their final size) and end (harvest point) of the cicle, and, in laboratory, since the beginning of fruiting until harvest. Three days after the first infestation in cultivar MG06, we observed the formation of a crystalline exudate in puncture sites that evolve at harvest to cracks, depressions and beginnings of galleries. Also, fibrosis were observed in fruits infested at the end of the cicle (harvest point) in the same cultivar. Although the eggs have been counted, at field, there was no larval development on MG06 fruits. Damage and oviposition weren't found at Bruno, indicating the immunity of this cultivar. There was no fruit drop attributed to A. fraterculus in both cultivars. In laboratory, larval development was observed when the fruits had, at least, 6.4 % (MG06) and 7.0 % (Bruno) of total soluble solids.

Effect of tomato fruit cultivar and ripening stage on Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) egg and larval survival

“…While numerous studies have investigated how fruit variation influences tephritid offspring performance, such studies focus predominantly on evaluating female choice (oviposition preference and the number of laid eggs) and then score the number of F1 pupae or adults emerging (Bino et al, 2004;Fernandes-da-Silva & Zucoloto, 1993;Jang & Light, 1991;Joy Burrack & Zalom, 2008;Lorscheiter, Redaelli, Botton, & Pimentel, 2012). In such studies, the "within fruit" component of the life cycle (i.e.…”

Oviposition Preference and Biology of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Grape Vine Genotypes

“…A study on pear fruits of the Packhams and Williams genotypes showed that the complete development of A. fraterculus occurred only in fruits which were 54.9 and 63.5 mm in diameter, respectively, and which had higher soluble solids content (NUNES et al, 2015). The increase in soluble solids content in kiwi fruits was also indicated as an important factor associated with the development of A. fraterculus under laboratory conditions (LORSCHEITER et al, 2012). Means followed by the same letters in the column do not differ from each other by Duncan's test at 5% probability.…”

Mortality Assessment of Botanical Oils on Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830) Applied in Fruits Under Laboratory Conditions

“…mature. In mature fruits, bark texture and pulp consistency (Nunes et al, 2015b), sugar contents (Lorscheiter, Redaelli, Botton, & Pimentel, 2012) and brix degree (Rattanapun, Amornsak, & Clarke, 2009) are predominant factors for fruit fly oviposition behavior. According to Rattanapun et al (2009), mature fruits with higher sugar content are more suitable for larval development, as they ensure a higher survival rate and a shorter development period.…”