Características de los programas de entrenamiento de fuerza muscular en personas mayores con sarcopenia. Revisión de alcance

Castro-Coronado, Jaime; Yasima-Vásquez, Gerardo; Zapata-Lamana, Rafael; Toloza-Ramírez, David; Cigarroa, Igor

doi:10.1016/j.regg.2021.05.004

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Different studies have shown that targeted physical exercise programs for the elderly improve functional fitness (Escalante et al, 2019), gait (Font-Jutglà et al, 2020) and upper and lower extremity muscle strength, especially those that include multicomponent training, evidencing a decrease in body mass index (BMI) (Vargas-Vitoria et al, 2021), mental illnesses such as depression and even dementia, thus contributing to comprehensive well-being (Durán-Agüero et al, 2017). In this sense, such programs stand out in promoting actions that generate an increase in quality of life justified in the perceptions from physical and mental well-being, independence and social integration (Vargas-Vitoria et al, 2021); however, despite the fact that several researches have focused on the link physical activity has with functional condition and health-related quality of life (Castro-Coronado et al, 2021;, studies focusing on the possible relationship between physical activity and well-being are limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Physical Exercise on Functional Capacity and Perception of Well-Being in Older Adults

Sánchez-Roa,

Reina-Monroy,

Juliao-Vargas

et al. 2024

Teor. metod. fiz. vihov.

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Study purpose. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of strength training exercises on functional capacity, quality of life and perception of well-being in elderly people. Materials and Methods. It was used a mixed study with sequential explanatory design, in which 25 elderly females between 62 and 85 years participated in a physical exercise program for eight weeks, with a frequency of 3 days and sessions of 58 minutes on average. The Senior Fitness Test battery of test item was conducted with a grip strength test, heart rate monitoring in a 6-minute test, SF-36 health questionnaire and post-intervention focus group oriented to well-being analysis. Results. Cardiorespiratory capacities, strength and flexibility improved significantly (p< .05), but agility and heart rate did not change (p> .05). Scores increased in the 8 quality of life dimensions analyzed, and in subjective well-being, health improvement was identified in both the self-perception and autonomy of daily activities related to vitality, motivation, social interaction and adherence to physical activity. The findings indicate that physical exercise based on strength training improves functional capacity, health-related quality of life and the well-being of seniors. Conclusions. The findings of this study show that eight weeks of physical exercise based on strength training with affordable means (own body weight, elastic bands and dumbbells) with a frequency of 3 days a week, contribute to improving the functional capacity of strength and flexibility in upper and lower limbs, and cardiorespiratory endurance in older females. This intervention was also found to have a positive impact on quality of life, as well as on the perception of well-being.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Physical Exercise on Functional Capacity and Perception of Well-Being in Older Adults

Sánchez-Roa,

Reina-Monroy,

Juliao-Vargas

et al. 2024

Teor. metod. fiz. vihov.

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“…Resistance training (RT) is a well-established exercise intervention that counteracts sarcopenia ( 12 , 13 ) and obesity ( 14 ) in older adults. The increase in skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance parameters (i.e., rate of force development in different tasks of daily living activities), and decrease in relative adipose tissue are the main benefits arising from RT in older adults ( 15 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of resistance training-based protocols in older adults with sarcopenic obesity: a scoping review of training procedure recommendations

et al. 2023

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BackgroundSarcopenic obesity (SO) is a clinical and functional disease characterized by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia. Resistance training (RT) characteristics for older adults with sarcopenia or obesity are already well established in the scientific literature. Nonetheless, we still do not know how detailed the RT protocols are described for older adults with SO. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the characteristics of RT programs, including each of their variables, recommended for older adults with SO.MethodsThis is a scoping review study that was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for Scoping Reviews. The search was carried out until November 2022 in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, Google Scholar, and medRxiv databases. The studies included SO diagnosis and RT as an intervention strategy. The RT variables analyzed were as follows: exercise selection, the volume of sets, the intensity of load, repetition cadence, rest interval between sets, and weekly frequency.ResultsA total of 1,693 studies were identified. After applying the exclusion criteria, 15 studies were included in the final analysis. The duration of the RT intervention ranged from 8 to 24 weeks. All studies included full-body routines, with single/multi-joint exercises. Regarding the volume of sets, some studies fixed it in three sets, whereas others varied between one and three sets. The load was reported by repetition range and the weight lifted, elastic-band color/resistance, percentage of one repetition maximum, or perceived exertion scale. Repetition cadence was fixed in some studies, while it was self-selected between concentric and eccentric phases in others. The interval between sets of rest varied from 30 to 180 s. All studies reported progression overload during the interventions. Not all studies reported how the exercise selection, repetition cadence, and rest interval were made.ConclusionThe characteristics of RT protocols and their variables prescribed in the literature for older adults with SO were mapped. The lack of detail on some training variables (i.e., exercise selection, repetition cadence, and rest interval) was identified. RT protocols are heterogeneous and described only partially among studies. The recommendations for RT prescription details in older adults with SO are provided for future studies.Systematic review registrationhttps://osf.io/wzk3d/.

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Exercise and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenic obesity: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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BackgroundSarcopenic obesity is characterized by low muscle mass and high body fat; prevalence increases with age, particularly after age 65 years. For this systematic literature review we searched scientific databases for studies on exercise interventions for improving physical performance in adults with sarcopenic obesity; also, we identified potential gaps in clinical practice guidelines that need to be addressed.MethodsWe followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The databases were searched for studies published through November 2021 that measured physical performance in adults with sarcopenic obesity.ResultsMost of the studies applied a strength training protocol in which improvement was noted post-treatment on the Time Chair Rise (TCR), 30-s Chair Stand, and Single Leg Stance (SLS) tests. Discrepancies between the studies were observed when resistance training was combined with or without elastic bands or electromyostimulation, as measured with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Physical Performance Test (PPT), Gait Speed, and Timed Up & Go (TUG) test. Post-intervention SPPB, PPT, and gait speed scores showed an increase or maintenance of performance, while TUG test scores were higher according to one study but lower according to another.ConclusionsEngagement in physical exercise, and resistance training in particular, can improve or maintain physical performance in adults with sarcopenic obesity. Study samples should include more men. A future area of focus should be the impact of different types of training (aerobic, power training, combined modalities). Finally, studies with longer intervention periods and follow-up periods are needed to gain a better understanding of the effectiveness of exercise on physical function in adults with sarcopenic obesity.

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Características de los programas de entrenamiento de fuerza muscular en personas mayores con sarcopenia. Revisión de alcance

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

The Effect of Physical Exercise on Functional Capacity and Perception of Well-Being in Older Adults

The Effect of Physical Exercise on Functional Capacity and Perception of Well-Being in Older Adults

Characteristics of resistance training-based protocols in older adults with sarcopenic obesity: a scoping review of training procedure recommendations

Exercise and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenic obesity: A systematic review

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