Características da fonetografia em coristas de diferentes classificações vocais

Abstract

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar a dinâmica vocal por meio da fonetografia em coristas de diferentes classificações vocais. MÉTODOS: Participaram 44 indivíduos, de 19 a 75 anos (média=51,9 anos) membros de um coral profissional; sendo, oito sopranos, 20 mezzo-sopranos, quatro tenores, sete barítonos e cinco baixos. Realizou-se a fonetografia, em sala acusticamente tratada. RESULTADOS: Foram obtidas as médias das freqüências mínimas e máximas, respectivamente: soprano 36st (130 Hz) e 72st (1084 Hz), mezzo-soprano 35st (124 Hz) e 68st (878 Hz); tenor 28st (85 Hz) e 65st (709 Hz), barítono 26st (74 Hz) e 59 (524 Hz) e baixo 26st (75 Hz) e 59st (513 Hz). Quanto às médias das intensidades mínimas e máximas, encontrou-se, respectivamente: soprano 64 dB e 131 dB, mezzo-soprano 75 dB e 123 dB, tenor 82 dB e 126 dB, barítono 75 dB e 121 dB e baixo 75 dB e 120 dB. Na análise estatística (Teste t de Student), observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre as vozes femininas: soprano apresentou maior freqüência máxima que mezzo-soprano. CONCLUSÃO: Tais achados indicam que a fonetografia permite o registro das características vocais relevantes para a classificação vocal de coristas, podendo auxiliar em uma classificação vocal adequada.

Produção fonoaudiológica sobre voz no canto popular

“…Afterwards, other seven articles (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) and two theses (15,16) were excluded as they were not conducted with popular singers, but with choir singers and/or choir conductors. One article was excluded as it deals with a case study with the purpose of reflecting on the mother-baby relationship, by means of body therapy associated to the singing voice production, whose participant had experience with classical music (17) .…”

Características da voz falada de idosas com prática de canto coral

“…Most of the times, choral singing helps individuals become more careful with their vocal health; it is, therefore, a preventive action because it allows access to information (2,(22)(23)(24) . It is worth noting that choral singing promotes increased respiratory support to practicing individuals, balances resonance and loudness modulation, in addition to increasing vocal range, which is considered excellent for the elderly, considering that monotone voice (which uses fewer musical notes) is one of the aspects of presbyphonia (24)(25)(26) . However, there are differences between speaking voice and singing voice that should be considered: in singing, breathing is programmed according to the musical phrases; greater vocal range is used; loudness is stronger and less constant than in speaking; resonance is high with greater participation of the vocal tract; and voice quality is more stable and richer in harmonics (25) .…”

“…It is worth noting that choral singing promotes increased respiratory support to practicing individuals, balances resonance and loudness modulation, in addition to increasing vocal range, which is considered excellent for the elderly, considering that monotone voice (which uses fewer musical notes) is one of the aspects of presbyphonia (24)(25)(26) . However, there are differences between speaking voice and singing voice that should be considered: in singing, breathing is programmed according to the musical phrases; greater vocal range is used; loudness is stronger and less constant than in speaking; resonance is high with greater participation of the vocal tract; and voice quality is more stable and richer in harmonics (25) . Despite the several studies on the voice of the elderly, and considering the dissociation between the two types of vocal use -speaking and singing, there is need for further research that seek to understand the specific implications of singing practice in the speaking voice of the elderly and in how we listen to it (21) .…”

Perfil de extensão vocal em coristas após técnica de vibração de língua associada a escalas

“…Vocal range can be assessed by instrumental software such as Phonetogram or Vocalgram, which measure and analyze vocal range profile (VRP) via the minimum and maximum fundamental frequency, expressed in Hertz (Hz) and semitones (st), as well as the minimum and maximum intensity, expressed in decibels (dB). Therefore, VRP is a combination of measures that allow assessment of maximum phonational frequency range as a function of dynamic voice range, illustrated on a graph (phonetogram or vocalgram) whose area can be measured in cm 2 or percentages [11][12][13][14] . Thus, it is important to underscore that the value of the vocal range profile area represents not only the variation in frequencies and semitones that an individual manages to emit (phonational range), but also maximum and minimum intensities that can be reached (dynamic range) during this variation in phonational range.…”

“…It is important to emphasize that the concepts of tessitura and vocal range differ, the former including the deepest bass to the highest treble tones that a person can produce, while maintaining vocal quality and comfort 2,17,18 , whereas range encompasses the limit of emitted sounds in addition to natural sounds, that is, total frequencies, from the highest to the lowest that an individual is capable of producing, irrespective of quality 11,19 . Vocal range is influenced by factors such as age, sex, profession, pathologies and laryngeal surgeries [19][20][21] , and vocal training can maximize tessitura 20,21 .…”