Características agronômicas e suas correlações em híbridos de girassol adaptados à segunda safra

Abstract

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características agronômicas de híbridos de girassol adaptados à segunda safra e determinar as correlações entre elas. Testaram-se 15 híbridos -dois alto oleicos e 13 não alto oleicos (híbridos tradicionais) -, além de um híbrido como testemunha. Um delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso foi utilizado com quatro repetições, e as semeaduras foram feitas em 2013 e 2014. As características avaliadas foram as seguintes: dias para a maturação fisiológica, altura de planta, produtividade de grãos, teor de óleo e produtividade de óleo. As maiores produtividades de grãos ocorreram em híbridos que não são nem precoces nem de porte mais baixo. A correlação entre produtividade de grãos e produtividade de óleo foi positiva e significativa; no entanto, as correlações entre teor de óleo e essas duas características não foram significativas. Os híbridos de girassol 'Syn 045' e 'Syn 3950A' (alto oleico) se destacaram, na segunda safra, quanto à produtividade de grãos e de óleo. O híbrido 'CF 101' -ciclo precoce -apresenta boa produtividade de grãos e de óleo e, portanto, é a opção adequada para a semeadura tardia na segunda safra. Assim, estão disponíveis híbridos de girassol adaptados e com características adequadas ao cultivo de segunda safra e às demandas do mercado.Termos para indexação: Helianthus annuus, oleaginosa, óleo, produtividade. Agronomic traits and their correlations in sunflower hybrids adapted to second cropAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic traits of sunflower hybrids adapted to second crop and to determine the correlations between them. Fifteen hybrids were tested -two high-oleic and 13 non high-oleic ones (traditional hybrids) -, besides one hybrid used as a check. A randomized complete block experimental design was carried out with four replicates, and sowings were done in 2013 and 2014. The evaluated traits were the following: days to physiological maturity, plant height, grain yield, oil content, and oil yield. The higher grain yields occurred in hybrids that are neither of early cycles nor of shorter stems. The correlation between grain yield and oil yield was positive and significant; however, the correlations between oil content and these two traits were not significant. The 'Syn 045' and 'Syn 3950A' sunflower hybrids (higholeic) stood out, in the second season, both for grain yield and oil yield. The 'CF 101' hybrid -early cycleshows good grain and oil yield, and, therefore, it is an appropriate option for late sowing in the second season. Thus, adapted sunflower hybrids with appropriate traits are available for second season cropping and to meet market demands.

Correlação E Análise De Caminhamento Em Mamona E Girassol

“…Thatikunta e Prasad (2001) Memon et al (2014). Dalchiavon et al (2016), em estudos desenvolvidos com híbridos de girassol, plantas com maior produtividade de grãos tendem a ter maior altura de planta (r = 0,61).…”

Agronomic Characteristics Correlation of Sunflower Genotypes Grown in the Second Crop in the Cerrado

“…Due to the diversity of its use, the desirable cultivation characteristics and the increasing demand of the industrial and commercial sectors, there are prospects for an increase in the sunflower cultivated area, especially in the Brazilian Savannah region (Cerrado). In this region, it is common to conduct a second crop in February/March, in which sunflower cultivation can be employed in different production systems [4,5].…”

“…In this perspective, the Mato Grosso state stands out as the largest Brazilian producer state of sunflower, reaching 98.8 thousand tons in the 2017/2018 season [6]. In order to maximize production within the state, the importance of the use of adapted genotypes is one of the main factors for the success of crop establishment, by facilitating cultural practices, reducing the risk of losses and providing higher profitability to the producer [5,7].…”

“…In this regard, the desirable agronomic characteristics for the selection of genotypes for a region must meet market demands, especially with regard to achene production and oil content and quality [8]. It is known that the characteristics of sunflower production can be correlated to each other [5,9]. The generation of this information is relevant because it allows identifying how plant development characteristics, such as height, plant cycle, and achene weight can influence the final production of components.…”

Agri-Food Chain Establishment as a Means to Increase Sustainability in Food Systems: Lessons from Sunflower in Brazil

“…Research topics include the analysis of the operation of national sunflower agri-food chains [15], the description of sunflower production in Brazil [11], a life-cycle assessment of the soybean-sunflower cropping system in MT [14], the analysis of sunflower genotypes' performance at different sowing dates in MT [20], the identification of nematode-resistant sunflower genotypes adapted to the tropical region of Brazil [13], the evaluation of agronomic characteristics of sunflower genotypes cultivated over different regions of the country [21][22][23][24], the analysis of technical characteristics of sunflower oils originated from several genotypes [25,26], and the investigation of the relationship between sunflower productivity and soil´s chemical properties in MT [27]. Nevertheless, to date, no investigation has been conducted to understand the underlying reasons for the rapid development of sunflower sector in MT.…”