Car-Following Theory of Steady-State Traffic Flow

In the so-called "microscopic" models of vehicular traffic, attention is paid explicitly to each individual vehicle each of which is represented by a "particle"; the nature of the "interactions" among these particles is determined by the way the vehicles influence each others' movement. Therefore, vehicular traffic, modeled as a system of interacting "particles" driven far from equilibrium, offers the possibility to study various fundamental aspects of truly nonequilibrium systems which are of current interest in statistical physics. Analytical as well as numerical techniques of statistical physics are being used to study these models to understand rich variety of physical phenomena exhibited by vehicular traffic. Some of these phenomena, observed in vehicular traffic under different circumstances, include transitions from one dynamical phase to another, criticality and self-organized criticality, metastability and hysteresis, phase-segregation, etc. In this critical review, written from the perspective of statistical physics, we explain the guiding principles behind all the main theoretical approaches. But we present detailed discussions on the results obtained mainly from the so-called "particle-hopping" models, particularly emphasizing those which have been formulated in recent years using the language of cellular automata.

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“…Both distribitions (86) and (87) decay exponentially for large jam sizes. COMF always predicts a monotonous distribution with…”

Section: Spatio-temporal Organization Of Vehicles; Is There a Phase Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical physics of vehicular traffic and some related systems

2000

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“…(1). Edie et al [5] thought the Chandler model cannot give a proper description of car-following when the density of traffic flow is low and they proposed a better car-following model,…”

Section: Model Buildingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They proposed a stimulationreaction car-following model on the basis of Chandler Model. Edie et al thought vehicles are non-interacting under extremely low density of traffic flow and proposed a new model according to Chandler Model [5]. In the Edie Model [6], the sensible of acceleration/deceleration of the following vehicle is related to the speed of themselves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extended car-following model considering the influence of bus

Shen

Qiu

et al. 2017

Teh. vjesn.

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Original scientific paper In order to describe car-following behaviour of traffic flow which is composed of buses and passenger cars on freeway, an extended car-following model is proposed for single lane traffic in this paper. The proposed model discriminates four types of car-bus following combination, car-following-bus, busfollowing-bus, bus-following-car and car-following-car. The four combinations are considered in terms of following distance, following speed and following acceleration/deceleration. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using data collected from the combination of microwave radar detector and roadside laser detector on Xuanwu Avenue in the main urban area of Nanjing. Besides, the field data is divided into two data sets, one used for the training of the model, and the other for evaluation purpose. Gazis model and Edie model, the two most extensively used car-following models, are calibrated against the same training data sets and used as a reference benchmark. Finally, the performance of the model, proposed by this paper, was compared with the two classic models based on the evaluation data sets. The results show that buses have different characteristics and manoeuvrability compared with passenger cars. With the influence of buses in the car-following process, it could lead to uneven distribution of traffic flow on the lanes and become the main reason for traffic highway capacity decline. The model, proposed in this paper, is more accurate and stable when predicting acceleration/deceleration of different vehicles during car-following. It has better superiority to describe the car-following behaviours under the influence of bus on freeway. Keywords: bus; car-following model; model calibration; stimulus-response process; traffic flow Prošireni model kolone vozila koji uzima u obzir utjecaj autobusaIzvorni znanstveni članak Kako bi se opisalo ponašanje prometa kolone vozila, koja se sastoji od autobusa i osobnih automobila na autocesti, u ovom članku je predložen prošireni model kolone vozila za promet u jednoj traci. Predloženi model razlikuje četiri vrste kombinacija kolona automobil-autobus, automobil-nakon-autobusa, autobus-nakon-autobusa, autobus-nakon-automobila i automobil-nakon-automobila. Četiri kombinacije uzimaju u obzir udaljenost, brzinu i ubrzavanje/usporavanje kolone. Predložena metodologija je prikazana uporabom podataka prikupljenih kombinacijom mikrovalnog radarskog detektora i cestovnog laserskog detektora na aveniji Xuanwu u glavnom urbanom području Nanjinga. Osim toga, podaci o terenu podijeljeni su u dva seta podataka, jedan se koristi za uvježbavanje modela, a drugi je za ocjenu. Gazis model i Edie model, dva najčešće korištena modela kolone vozila, kalibrirani su prema istim skupovima podataka za vježbu, a koriste se kao referentna vrijednost. Konačno, izvedba modela, predložena ovim radom, uspoređena je s dva klasična modela na temelju evaluacijskih skupova podataka. Rezultati pokazuju da autobusi imaju različite karakteristike i manevriranost u usporedbi s osobnim ...

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“…그 이후 민감도를 두 차량의 거리에 따라 최소, 최댓 값으로 구분한 모형 (Gazis et al, 1959), 민감도와 두 차량의 거리를 선형관계로 가정한 모형 (Edie, 1960) 등이 제안되었으며, 현재 가장 널리 활용되는 모형은 식 (1)과 같은 형태의 Gazis-Herman-Rothery(GHR) 모형이다 (Gazis et al, 1961) Table 2와 같이 도출할 수 있다. …”

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Study on the Drivers' Response Characteristics Using Spectral Analysis of Car Following Data

채찬들¹,

오세창²,

김영호³

et al. 2015

Journal of Korean Society of Transportation

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This paper developed a method analyze drivers' response characteristics using spectral analysis with car following data.Cross-correlation function and cross spectrum are produced by Fourier transform from speed fluctuations of leading vehicle and following vehicle during the designated time . Based on the analysis data, a process to calculate the reaction time and stimulus-adaption index of following vehicle was developed and 170 cases of field data was applied. It was reported average of 0.654 and 2.091 seconds of stimulus-adaption index and reaction time respectively. In conclusion, the developed indexes might contribute to enhance vehicle control of autonomous vehicle more efficient and safer.

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Car-Following Theory of Steady-State Traffic Flow

Cited by 538 publications

References 3 publications

Statistical physics of vehicular traffic and some related systems

Statistical physics of vehicular traffic and some related systems

An extended car-following model considering the influence of bus

Study on the Drivers' Response Characteristics Using Spectral Analysis of Car Following Data

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