Car-borne survey and dose assessment from external radiation exposure in Bangka Island

Pradana, Radhia; Nugraha, Eka Djatnika; Wahyudi, Wahyudi; Untara, Untara; Wiyono, Muji; Devriany, Ade; Shilfa, Sharah Nataz; Sasaki, Michiya; Prasetio, Heru; Winarni, Ilma Dwi; Ekaranti, Egnes; Nuraeni, Nunung; Kranrod, Chutima; Iskandar, Dadong; Suhariyono, Gatot; Surniyantoro, Harry Nugroho Eko; Makhsun, Makhsun; Widodo, Susilo; Omori, Yasutaka; Hiswara, Eri; Hosoda, Masahiro; Yoshinaga, Shinji; Tokonami, Shinji

doi:10.1007/s11356-023-28640-4

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…In studies focused on assessing exposure due to outdoor gamma radiation in populations, the measurements were typically conducted by car-borne or air-borne surveys over portions of the country, including areas both inside and outside cities [e.g., (7,(19)(20)(21)].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A large and feasible national survey representative of population exposure to outdoor gamma radiation in urban areas

Carpentieri,

Maiorana,

Ampollini

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundAlthough data on outdoor gamma radiation are available for many countries, they have generally been obtained with measurements performed in undisturbed environments instead of in urban areas where most of the population lives. Only one large national survey, with on-site measurements in urban areas, has been identified worldwide, probably due to high costs (e.g., personnel and instrumentation) and difficulties in selecting measuring points.MethodsA campaign of outdoor gamma radiation measurements has been carried out in the entire Italian territory. All measurement points were selected at the infrastructures of an Italian telecommunications company as representatives of all the possible situations of outdoor exposure to gamma radiation for population in urban areas. Ten replicates of portable gamma (X) detectors carried out all the measurements.ResultsApproximately 4,000 measurements have been performed. They are distributed across 2,901 Italian municipalities, accounting for 75% of the Italian population. The national population-weighted mean of the gamma ambient dose equivalent rate (ADER) is 117 nSv h−1, and it ranges from 62 to 208 nSv h−1 and from 40 to 227 nSv h−1 for 21 regions and 107 provinces, respectively. The average variability at the municipal level, in terms of the coefficient of variation (CV) is 21%, ranging from 3 to 84%. The impact of land coverage and the distance from a building on the outdoor gamma radiation level was assessed with complementary measurements, leading to differences ranging from −40 to 50% and to 50%, respectively.ConclusionA representative campaign of outdoor gamma dose rate measurements has been performed in Italy, only in urban areas, to assess the exposure effect due to outdoor gamma radiation on the population. It is the largest national campaign in urban areas worldwide, with a total of 3,876 on-site measurements. The land coverage and the distance from surrounding buildings were recognized to strongly affect outdoor gamma radiation levels, leading to high variability within small areas. The collaboration with a company that owns a network of facilities on a national territory as dense as the residing population made this survey feasible and affordable. Other countries might adopt this methodology to conduct national surveys in urban environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A large and feasible national survey representative of population exposure to outdoor gamma radiation in urban areas

Carpentieri,

Maiorana,

Ampollini

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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Comparative Study of Radiation Mapping Technologies for Nuclear Disaster Assessment

Ochi,

Barker,

Nakama

et al. 2024

J. Disaster Res.

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The distribution of the ambient dose equivalent rate (i.e., air dose rate) after a nuclear disaster is crucial for zoning contaminated areas to facilitate authorities’ effective decision making. Several countries are considering a gradual characterization strategy where airborne measurement is performed first followed by ground measurement (i.e., via manborne or carborne surveys). Nonetheless, potential differences might emerge in country-specific air dose rate assessment methods. Explaining these discrepancies can improve and converge existing methodologies. The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and the French Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), which are organizations involved in post-nuclear accident crisis management, jointly performed air dose rate measurements in 2019 at contaminated sites around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. The similarities and differences between the two organizations’ methods and results were quantitatively assessed by comparing the average air dose rates obtained within a grid created with a geographic information system, and the reasons for the differences between the organizations’ results were investigated. The air dose rates obtained by the manborne measurements varied depending on the calibration method. Comparing the air dose rate assessment methods and mapping techniques used in different countries will contribute to developing international guidelines for recommending the best method for determining air dose rates.

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An Affordable National Survey on Outdoor Gamma Radiation Levels in Urban Areas

Carpentieri,

Maiorana,

Ampollini

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Car-borne survey and dose assessment from external radiation exposure in Bangka Island

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

A large and feasible national survey representative of population exposure to outdoor gamma radiation in urban areas

A large and feasible national survey representative of population exposure to outdoor gamma radiation in urban areas

Comparative Study of Radiation Mapping Technologies for Nuclear Disaster Assessment

An Affordable National Survey on Outdoor Gamma Radiation Levels in Urban Areas

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