Capturing Dioclea Reflexa Seed Bioactives on Halloysite Nanotubes and pH Dependent Release of Cargo against Breast (MCF-7) Cancers In Vitro

Abstract

In this work, optimization parameters were developed to capture plant metabolites from Dioclea Reflexa (DR) seed ex-tracts onto halloysites nanotubes (HNTs). A one-step pool of the crude extracts at neutral pH from the HNT lumen failed to elicit a reduction in breast cancer, Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cell viability. However, the pH-dependent elution of metabolites revealed that the acidic pH samples exhibited profound antiproliferative effects on the cancer cells compared to the basic pH metabolites using both trypan blue dye exclusion assay and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) viability test. pH~5.2 samples demonstrated by half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.8 mg and a cyclic voltammetry oxidation peak potential and current of 234 mV and 0.45 µA, respectively. This indicates that the cancer cells death could be attributed to membrane polarization/depolarization effects of the sample. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) studies confirmed that the plant metabolites affected breast cancer apoptotic signaling pathways of cell death. The studies proved that plant metabolites could be captured using simplified screening procedures for rapid drug discovery purposes. Such procedures, however, would require the integration of affordable analytical tools to test and isolate individual metabolites. Our approach could be an important strategy to create a library and database of bioactive plant metabolites based on pH values.

Enhanced antimicrobial treatment by a clay-based drug nanocarrier conjugated to a guanidine-rich cell penetrating peptide

“… 63 Activation of these hydroxyl groups before encapsulation of drug into the tubes is of high importance, since they play a key role in the formation of the H-bond network between the walls and wrapping the cargo. 64 In spectrum 5 that is related to the magnetized HNTs, this is observed that a broad peak has been added in the area of 3000–3600 cm −1 , corroborating the presence of the hydroxyl groups of Fe 3 O 4 NPs. Moreover, the sharp peak of Fe–O bond at ca.…”