2010
DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090838
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Capturing Changes in the Brain Microenvironment during Initial Steps of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis

Abstract: Brain metastases are diagnosed in 10 to 40% of all cancer patients, and the incidence is rising as patients live longer due to improved treatments for extracranial metastases.1,2 Brain lesions are most frequently associated with lung cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma. 1,2 Unfortunately, brain metastases are still very difficult to treat and the mechanisms underlying their establishment and progression are poorly understood. Thus, information in this direction and models for analysis are a prerequisite for th… Show more

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Cited by 284 publications
(325 citation statements)
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“…1,2 In the later stages of progression, BC cells metastasize from the original tumor site and travel through the vasculature to distant organs such as liver, lungs, brain, and bone. [2][3][4][5] Although the involvement of cell adhesion molecules in cancer development, progression, and metastasis has been established and discussed extensively in the literature, the mechanisms underlying their implication is still nascent. 6 -9 The hyaluronan (HA) receptor CD44, a multistructural and multifunctional cell adhesion molecule involved in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, functions as a bioactive signaling transmitter involved in a variety of cellular responses, including lymphocyte homing, hematopoiesis, inflammation, tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and metastasis.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1,2 In the later stages of progression, BC cells metastasize from the original tumor site and travel through the vasculature to distant organs such as liver, lungs, brain, and bone. [2][3][4][5] Although the involvement of cell adhesion molecules in cancer development, progression, and metastasis has been established and discussed extensively in the literature, the mechanisms underlying their implication is still nascent. 6 -9 The hyaluronan (HA) receptor CD44, a multistructural and multifunctional cell adhesion molecule involved in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, functions as a bioactive signaling transmitter involved in a variety of cellular responses, including lymphocyte homing, hematopoiesis, inflammation, tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and metastasis.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The invasion was therefore species-independent ( Figure 1A), which indicates a wide range of applications in a species-independent manner. Additionally, microglia as well as astrocytes accumulated at the interface as previously described in vivo and in patient samples 13 . Time-lapse imaging over an extended period of time not only revealed the viability of the slice but also offered a good platform to observe the cellular interactions.…”
Section: Representative Resultsmentioning
confidence: 69%
“…Previous histological investigations of cerebral metastasis demonstrated rapid and drastic changes of the resident glial cells, especially of astrocytes and microglia 13 . To study these changes and interactions with the carcinoma cells, this novel coculture system is well-suited.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is postulated that glia contribute to this inflammatory process by producing cytokines including IL-1ÎČ and TNF-α [14]. Glial cells may also affect metastatic growth within the brain [311,312] and be used by tumor cells to support its progression and invasion [313,314].…”
Section: Current Research On Antidepressant Use and Cns Metastasismentioning
confidence: 99%