“…Observers reported that a constant flicker rate altered when the flutter changed, whereas the reverse effect (visual flicker altering auditory Role of attention -Direction of endogenous/exogenous shift of attention and shift in sound location can be dissociated -Sounds preferably segregated with sharp onsets -But arrows and gaze can induce shift sound location as well -Attention to the audiovisual timing relation increases aftereffect -Dual task with focused attention does not decrease the aftereffect Audiovisual congruence -Phonetic congruency in speech: no effect -Gender-matched speech: more fusion -Face orientation: no effect--Pitch/size congruence: more fusion for congruent pairs -Speech/nonspeech mode with sine wave speech: no effect -Nonspeech like musical instruments: no effect of audiovisual congruency -Pitch/size congruence: greater effect for congruent pairs flutter) could not be observed. In more recent years, temporal ventriloquism has been demonstrated in a number of other paradigms: Besides auditory driving (Bresciani & Ernst, 2007;Gebhard & Mowbray, 1959;Recanzone, 2003;Shipley, 1964;Welch, DuttonHurt & Warren, 1986), or a variant of this called the double-flash illusion (Shams, Kamitani & Shimojo, 2000), researchers have used the flash-lag effect with accompanying sounds (Vroomen & de Gelder, 2004b), visual temporal order judgment (TOJ) tasks with accompanying sounds Morein-Zamir et al, 2003;Vroomen & Keetels, 2006), sensorimotor synchronization Repp, 2005;Repp & Penel, 2002;Stekelenburg, Sugano & Vroomen, 2011;Sugano, Keetels & Vroomen, 2010, 2012, and other variants of cross-modal temporal capture (Alais & Burr, 2004b;Bruns & Getzmann, 2008;Chen & Zhou, 2011;Freeman & Driver, 2008;Getzmann, 2007;Kafaligonul & Stoner, 2010;Vroomen & de Gelder, 2000, 2003.…”