“…For example, DNA damage increases in response to acute (Flint et al, 2007; Gormally et al, 2020; Malandrakis et al, 2016) and chronic stress (Gormally, Fuller et al, 2019; Herborn et al, 2014; Sohn et al, 2012). Moreover, because avian species commonly used in studying the stress response, such as house sparrows ( Passer domesticus ) (Fischer et al, 2018; Lattin & Romero, 2013; Love et al, 2017), have nucleated erythrocytes, the relatively noninvasive acquisition of blood samples can allow for repeated measures of DNA damage (Gormally et al, 2020; Gormally, Fuller et al, 2019; Naz et al, 2020). However, the biological relevance of DNA damage in erythrocytes, which are not nucleated in other taxa, is not clear.…”