Captive rearing for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): the Idaho and Maine experiences

Stark, Eric J.; Atkinson, Ernest J.; Kozfkay, Christine C.

doi:10.1007/s11160-014-9346-x

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Within the overall supplementation goal of maintaining or increasing abundance without decreasing longterm productivity (RASP 1992), there is a continuum of strategies available based on degree of genetic and demographic risk. These range from population rescue (Kline and Flagg 2014) through captive rearing (Venditti et al 2013;Stark et al 2014) to augmentation with an integrated broodstock (HSRG 2009(HSRG , 2014. The supplementation strategy employed should be guided by population status and management goals, and the strategy should include triggers for stopping supplementation when these are achieved.…”

Section: Guidance For Supplementation Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hatchery supplementation on abundance and productivity of natural-origin Chinook salmon: two decades of evaluation and implications for conservation programs

Venditti

Kinzer

Apperson

et al. 2018

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Hatchery supplementation has been developed to conserve salmonid populations and provide fisheries. We evaluated supplemented and reference Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) populations prior to, during, and after supplementation ceased for 22 years in two major drainages in Idaho, USA. Basin-level analyses showed supplementation increased abundance at some life stages, but effects did not persist into the postsupplementation phase and had no apparent influence on productivity. Natural-origin juvenile abundance increased during supplementation but results for adults were ambiguous. After supplementation ceased, abundance and productivity in supplemented and reference populations returned to their presupplementation relationships. Intensive analyses of supplemented populations with weirs showed abundance increased at some life stages with the addition of female spawners. However, the rate of increase varied with female origin (natural > supplementation ≥ nontreatment hatchery), and effects diminished through the life cycle. Based on these findings, we provide guidance for conservation programs. Supplementation alone is not a panacea because it does not correct limiting factors, which must be addressed to achieve population levels capable of sustaining ecological function and harvest.

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Section: Guidance For Supplementation Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hatchery supplementation on abundance and productivity of natural-origin Chinook salmon: two decades of evaluation and implications for conservation programs

Venditti

Kinzer

Apperson

et al. 2018

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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show abstract

“…Age and size at maturity, intrasexual competition, and mate choice have been suggested to largely influence breeding success of adult salmonids (Healey 1991;Fleming and Petersson 2001). Captive-origin adults were produced from spawning wild fish; therefore, physiological or behavioral traits that may have reduced spawning success of captive-origin adults were presumably imparted by the rearing environment at the hatchery (Venditti et al 2013;Stark et al 2014), not through genetic change.…”

Section: Spawn Timing and Redd Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endangered Species Act (ESA;NMFS 1992). The goal of the program was to test the efficacy of this alternative approach to offset major sources of mortality in the natural environment and to increase the number of spawning adult Chinook Salmon (Stark et al 2014). If successful, this strategy could augment populations, prevent cohort failure in some years, and ultimately provide a continuum of spawning in the wild.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Egg Viability and Egg‐to‐Fry Survival of Captive‐Reared Chinook Salmon Released to Spawn Naturally

et al. 2018

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Conservation hatchery strategies for anadromous salmonids are designed to boost depressed wild populations while conserving genetic resources. Captive rearing is an approach in which eggs or juveniles are collected from wild fish, taken into a hatchery and reared to maturation, and then released to spawn. In this study, we quantified spawn timing and redd production for captive‐reared and wild Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and measured survival of eggs to the eyed stage of development (egg viability) and from egg to fry. The study objective was to determine whether there was a difference in egg viability and egg‐to‐fry survival between captive‐reared and wild Chinook Salmon that spawned in the wild. During 2007–2009, 90 redds were sampled in the East Fork Salmon River, Idaho; 45 of captive‐origin salmon and 45 of wild origin. Egg viability was significantly lower for captive‐reared fish (75.0%) than for their wild counterparts (95.6%). The overall mean egg‐to‐fry survival for captive‐reared fish was quite high (80.4%), and although it was significantly lower than that for wild fish (84.0%), biologically this survival difference was not large. While others have estimated the egg‐to‐fry survival of production hatchery Chinook Salmon in the wild, it had not previously been estimated for captive‐reared fish released to spawn. Through the use of novel techniques such as hydraulic pumping and egg capsules, we were able to successfully estimate egg viability and egg‐to‐fry survival of captive‐reared and wild Chinook Salmon spawning in the wild. Although egg viability and egg‐to‐fry survival of captive‐reared fish was lower than for their wild counterparts, both survival rates may be sufficient to provide a demographic benefit to the receiving wild population.

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“…The next two papers focus on the essential role hatcheries are playing in preventing extinction of critically endangered salmon populations. O'Reilly and Kozfkay (2014) provide reviews of conservation genetic management of these cutting-edge hatchery programs for Snake River sockeye salmon (O. nerka) and inner Bay of Fundy Atlantic salmon, while Stark et al (2014) document the role that hatchery-origin fish released as adults can play in recovery for Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) in Idaho and Atlantic salmon in the Gulf of Maine. Both papers highlight that conservation hatchery programs are developing innovative approaches to culture and new ways to use hatchery-reared fish to aid in recovery of endangered populations.…”

Section: Conservation Hatcheriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collaboration between Atlantic and Pacific salmon biologists to enhance recovery of endangered salmon in North America

Ardren

Busack

Kocik

2014

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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Captive rearing for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): the Idaho and Maine experiences

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Effects of hatchery supplementation on abundance and productivity of natural-origin Chinook salmon: two decades of evaluation and implications for conservation programs

Effects of hatchery supplementation on abundance and productivity of natural-origin Chinook salmon: two decades of evaluation and implications for conservation programs

Egg Viability and Egg‐to‐Fry Survival of Captive‐Reared Chinook Salmon Released to Spawn Naturally

Collaboration between Atlantic and Pacific salmon biologists to enhance recovery of endangered salmon in North America

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