Caproic acid production from anaerobic fermentation of organic waste - Pathways and microbial perspective

Dong, Wenjian; You-li, Yang; Liu, Chao; Zhang, Jiachao; Pan, Junting; Luo, Lin; Wu, Genyi; Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2023.113181

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…Despite claims to the contrary [ 48 ], the enrichment and isolation of M. esldenii are rather straightforward. Considering that this species is a lactate fermenter, ruminal samples from animals fed grain-based diets are the recommended environmental source for enrichment.…”

Section: Isolation and Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Megasphaera elsdenii: Its Role in Ruminant Nutrition and Its Potential Industrial Application for Organic Acid Biosynthesis

Cabral,

Weimer

2024

Microorganisms

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The Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic bacterium Megasphaera elsdenii was first isolated from the rumen in 1953 and is common in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. Its ability to use either lactate or glucose as its major energy sources for growth has been well documented, although it can also ferment amino acids into ammonia and branched-chain fatty acids, which are growth factors for other bacteria. The ruminal abundance of M. elsdenii usually increases in animals fed grain-based diets due to its ability to use lactate (the product of rapid ruminal sugar fermentation), especially at a low ruminal pH (<5.5). M. elsdenii has been proposed as a potential dietary probiotic to prevent ruminal acidosis in feedlot cattle and high-producing dairy cows. However, this bacterium has also been associated with milk fat depression (MFD) in dairy cows, although proving a causative role has remained elusive. This review summarizes the unique physiology of this intriguing bacterium and its functional role in the ruminal community as well as its role in the health and productivity of the host animal. In addition to its effects in the rumen, the ability of M. elsdenii to produce C2–C7 carboxylic acids—potential precursors for industrial fuel and chemical production—is examined.

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Section: Isolation and Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Megasphaera elsdenii: Its Role in Ruminant Nutrition and Its Potential Industrial Application for Organic Acid Biosynthesis

Cabral,

Weimer

2024

Microorganisms

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“…HCa producers, such as C. sp. (genus Caproiciproducens) [59] among others, were found in the following proportions: 3.5% for 8 h HRT, 2.3% for 5 h HRT, and 1.7% for 2.5 h HRT.…”

Section: Microbial Community Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…AD is a multi-step process involving a wide variety of microorganisms, including fermentative bacteria (acidogens), hydrogen-producing, acetate-forming bacteria (acetogens), and archaea that convert acetate or hydrogen to methane (methanogens). The imbalance in any one step can lead to the collapse of the entire system [58,59].…”

Section: Microbial Community Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first reported case of carbon CE was in 1942, in an experiment using a pure culture of C. kluyveri, where EtOH was converted to HCa. EtOH was oxidised to HAc, then to HBu and finally to HCa [59,69]. C. kluyveri, belonging to the order Clostridiales and family Clostridiaceae.…”

Section: Microbial Community Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the class Clostridia, but belonging to another order, Oscillospirales, and family Ruminococcaceae, the genus Caproiciproducens was found (Table 5). It has been described that the strain Caproiciproducens galactitolivorans BS-1T produces H 2 , CO 2 , EtOH, HAc, HBu, and HCa as the final metabolic products of anaerobic fermentation, which corresponds to the production of HCa [50,59]. HCa producers, such as C. sp.…”

Section: Microbial Community Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Anaerobic Digestion with an UASB Reactor of the Winery Wastewater for Producing Volatile Fatty Acid Effluent Enriched in Caproic Acid

Ibáñez-López,

Frison,

Bolzonella

et al. 2023

Fermentation

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The production of Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs) from wastewater holds significant importance in the context of biorefinery concepts due to their potential as valuable precursors for various bio-based processes. Therefore, the primary objective of this research is to investigate the fermentation of Winery Wastewater (WW) in an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor to generate VFAs, with particular emphasis on Caproic Acid (HCa) production and the dynamics of the microbiota, under varying Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) periods (8, 5, and 2.5 h). The change from an 8 h to a 5 h HRT period resulted in an approximately 20% increase in total VFA production. However, when the HRT was further reduced to 2.5 h, total VFA production decreased by approximately 50%. Concerning the specific production of HCa, expressed in grams of Chemical Oxygen Demand (gCOD), the maximum yield was observed at around 0.9 gCOD/L for a 5-h HRT. Microbial population analysis revealed that Eubacteria outnumbered Archaea across all HRTs. Population dynamics analysis indicated that the Firmicutes Phylum was predominant in all cases. Within this phylum, bacteria such as Clostridium kluyveri and Clostridium sp., known for their ability to produce HCa, were identified. Based on the results obtained, the application of the UASB reactor for WW treatment, within the biorefinery framework, has the potential to provide a practical alternative for HCa production when operated with a 5 h HRT.

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Microbes as Environmental Allies: From Wastewater Treatment to Sustainable Biofuel Production

Sharma,

Deepak

et al. 2024

Energy, Environment, and Sustainability

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Caproic acid production from anaerobic fermentation of organic waste - Pathways and microbial perspective

Cited by 27 publications

References 171 publications

Megasphaera elsdenii: Its Role in Ruminant Nutrition and Its Potential Industrial Application for Organic Acid Biosynthesis

Megasphaera elsdenii: Its Role in Ruminant Nutrition and Its Potential Industrial Application for Organic Acid Biosynthesis

Enhancing Anaerobic Digestion with an UASB Reactor of the Winery Wastewater for Producing Volatile Fatty Acid Effluent Enriched in Caproic Acid

Microbes as Environmental Allies: From Wastewater Treatment to Sustainable Biofuel Production

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