Capnocytophaga sputigena bacteremia in a neutropenic host

Ramírez, Isabel

doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2019.e00536

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In contrast, human-oral–associated Capnocytophaga bacteremia was implicated in immunocompromised patients, especially with neutropenia secondary to chemotherapy for hematologic malignancy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This finding was observed in previous case reports and small case series [ 12 , 18 , 22 ]. Blood cultures were obtained as part of routine investigations for febrile episodes in neutropenic patients; approximately 27% of these episodes were without a clear source, whereas the rest were attributed to translocation through the oral or gastrointestinal mucosa or labeled as central venous catheter–associated bloodstream infections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Characteristics of Capnocytophaga Infection: 10 Years of Experience

Chesdachai

Tai

Yetmar

et al. 2021

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Background Capnocytophaga is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe. Human infection is rare but can lead to devastating outcomes. C. canimorsus can cause sepsis following an animal bite, whereas human-oral associated Capnocytophaga infections were reported in immunocompromised patients. Current data on these infections is not robust. Our goal is to provide a contemporary description of a unique characteristic of Capnocytophaga infections. Methods We performed a retrospective review of all patients with Capnocytophaga infection from January 2010 to August 2020 at three main hospitals of Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, Scottsdale, Arizona, and Florida. We collected baseline demographic data, clinical characteristics, microbiological data, and outcomes of C. canimorsus and human-oral associated Capnocytophaga infection. Results Among 82 patients with Capnocytophaga infection, 46 patients (56.0%) had bacteremia. The most common species identified in this group was C. sputigena (57.9%), followed by C. canimorsus (34.8%). Patients with human-oral associated Capnocytophaga bacteremia were often immunocompromised, presented with neutropenic fever, and had worse six months all-cause mortality compared to C. canimorsus bacteremia (36.4% vs. 6.2%, p=.03). They also had a higher beta-lactamase production rate (36.4% vs. 0.0%, p=.02). Among patients without bacteremia, the main clinical syndrome was polymicrobial head and neck infections (47.2%). Conclusions Human-oral associated Capnocytophaga bacteremia occurs primarily in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with hematologic malignancy. In contrast, C. canimorsus bacteremia is more likely to present with community-onset infection related to zoonotic exposure. Human-oral associated Capnocytophaga infection without bacteremia is frequently isolated in polymicrobial infection; this phenomenon's significance is yet to be fully understood.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Characteristics of Capnocytophaga Infection: 10 Years of Experience

Chesdachai

Tai

Yetmar

et al. 2021

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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“…Bacteremia due to Capnocytophaga spp. is typically reported in individuals in an immunocompromised state in the setting of active hematologic malignancy or in cytopenic patients undergoing treatment with chemotherapy [ 7 ]. Bacteremia due to Capnocytophaga spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacteremia due to Capnocytophaga spp. show an incidence between 1.3 and 3% of all reported cases [ 6 , 7 ]. Of the reported cases of Capnoctyophaga spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One case of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) caused by C. sputigena has been reported [ 4 ]. Although most infections – particularly those most severe – have been described in immunocompromised hosts [ 1 , 2 , [5] , [6] , [7] ], immunocompetent individuals are reportedly susceptible [ 2 ]. Indeed, Capnocytophaga species (spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catheter-related bloodstream infection due to biofilm-producing Capnocytophaga sputigena

Fabre

Malik

Delgado-Noguera

et al. 2021

IDCases

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Highlights Capnocytophaga sputigena is a rare pathogen with diverse clinical presentations. We report a case of catheter-related C. sputigena bloodstream infection. C. sputigena clinical isolates can form biofilms in vitro. Biofilm development by Capnocytophaga species may potentiate disease pathogenesis.

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“…C. sputigena is part of the normal oral flora in humans but it can cause bacteremia associated with mucositis in neutropenic patients ( 1 ). Capnocytophaga species exhibit medium-length to long gram-negative spindle-shaped rods, features which are useful for making an early presumptive diagnosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%