Capitulum position in sunflower affects grain temperature and duration of grain filling

Ploschuk, Edmundo L.; Hall, A. J.

doi:10.1016/0378-4290(95)00079-8

Cited by 45 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The magnitude of oil concentration decrease depends on the stage of grain filling when high temperature events occur (rondanini et al, 2003, 2006). although most of this effect is related to the lower accumulation of iSr during the critical period (aguirrezábal et al, 2003) due to the shortened grain-filling period under higher temperature (ploschuk and Hall, 1995;villalobos et al, 1996), a direct effect of temperature on oil synthesis should be considered (angeloni et al, unpublished). For instance, assuming that grain oil concentration is governed by carbon allocation to the grains, effects of temperature on carbon fixation and photorespiration rate could be reflected in grain oil concentration.…”

Section: Fig 171mentioning

confidence: 97%

Improving grain quality: ecophysiological and modeling tools to develop management and breeding strategies

Aguirrezábal¹,

Martre²,

Irujo³

et al. 2015

Crop Physiology

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Section: Fig 171mentioning

confidence: 97%

Improving grain quality: ecophysiological and modeling tools to develop management and breeding strategies

Aguirrezábal¹,

Martre²,

Irujo³

et al. 2015

Crop Physiology

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“…The constant c corresponds to the unknown break point of the two linear functions, and indicates the timing of achievement of maximum weight, equivalent to PM (Ploschuk & Hall, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When plants reached first anthesis (FA; phenological stage R5.1; Schneiter & Miller, 1981) 30 plants for each hybrid with three replications were labeled for fruit sampling. PM was calculated from the dynamics of fruit growth (Ploschuk & Hall, 1995). For convenience of fruit size and weight stability, fruits from the external 25% of the capitulum radius were harvested every 3 to 5 days from FA to HM.…”

Section: Fruit and Receptacle Water Content Determinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual definition of physiological maturity in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is associated with receptacle quantitative color parameters

Hernández

Larsen²

2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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Identifying physiological maturity (PM) in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by visual methods is subjective. The present study was conducted during two years in two short season sunflower hybrids (Macón and MG60) to determine the relationship between quantitative color parameters in the receptacle and physiological markers such as fruit dry weight (FDW) and fruit water content (FWC) from flowering to PM. Fruits from the external 25% of the capitulum radius were sampled at 3-5-day intervals from first anthesis until harvest maturity. Fruit and receptacle fresh and dry weight were calculated, and color changes of the receptacle base were followed over time using a spectrophotometer. Comparison of colorimetric coordinates a* and b*, defined by the CIELAB color space enabled quantitative correlation of color changes in the receptacle with the maturation stage of the fruits and their moisture content. In both hybrids and years, fruits attained maximum dry weight when the receptacle color turned from dark green to buttery-yellow. Strong correlations were found between FWC and a* for Macón the first (r = -0.877) and second year (r = -0.934) and for MG60, (r = -0.912 and r = -0.891) the first and second year, respectively. The same results were found for b* for Macón (r = -0.901 and r = -0.829) and for MG60 (r = -0.898 and r = -0.863) for the first and second year respectively. Maximum b* at FWC between 40 to 41% had the highest correlation with maximum fruit dry weight for both hybrids and years, and was a good indicator for identifying the attainment of PM. This work represents an original contribution and a first step towards the development of a model for predicting PM in sunflower by using colorimetric measurements.

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“…Alternatively, some have suggested eastward orientation reduces heat load especially during afternoon periods of high irradiance [55]. Maintaining cooler floret temperatures may boost yield or fitness by preventing reductions in pollen viability and fertilization (pollen sterility increases at temperatures >30 • C) or improving grain filling during seed development [55,57]. None of these advantages are mutually exclusive, but some of these functions may be an incidental byproduct rather than the original adaptive function.…”

Section: Ecological Function(s) Of Solar Tracking and Mature Head Orimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More critically, the heat load of the faces of eastward oriented sunflowers has been shown to be 3-8 • C lower than the faces of heads constrained to face skyward at midday [12,56]. Manipulations of head reflectance and vertical vs. horizontal orientation have also suggested that higher temperatures are associated with more rapid seed maturation and reduced grain filling [57]. Although these findings are suggestive, teasing apart the various hypotheses advanced regarding the ecological function of the specifically eastward head orientation will require temperature monitoring over complete diurnal cycles along with a joint assessment of impacts on the performance of wild and cultivated plants manipulated to face various orientations.…”

Section: Ecological Function(s) Of Solar Tracking and Mature Head Orimentioning

confidence: 99%

Turning heads: The biology of solar tracking in sunflower

Vandenbrink

Brown

Harmer³

et al. 2014

Plant Science

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a b s t r a c t Solar tracking in the common sunflower, Helianthus annuus, is a dramatic example of a diurnal rhythm in plants. During the day, the shoot apex continuously reorients, following the sun's relative position so that the developing heads track from east to west. At night, the reverse happens, and the heads return and face east in anticipation of dawn. This daily cycle dampens and eventually stops at anthesis, after which the sunflower head maintains an easterly orientation. Although shoot apical heliotropism has long been the subject of physiological studies in sunflower, the underlying developmental, cellular, and molecular mechanisms that drive the directional growth and curvature of the stem in response to extrinsic and perhaps intrinsic cues are not known. Furthermore, the ecological functions of solar tracking and the easterly orientation of mature heads have been the subject of significant but unresolved speculation. In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge about this complex, dynamic trait. Candidate mechanisms that may contribute to daytime and nighttime movement are highlighted, including light signaling, hormonal action, and circadian regulation of growth pathways. The merits of the diverse hypotheses advanced to explain the adaptive significance of heliotropism in sunflower are also considered.

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Capitulum position in sunflower affects grain temperature and duration of grain filling

Cited by 45 publications

References 15 publications

Improving grain quality: ecophysiological and modeling tools to develop management and breeding strategies

Improving grain quality: ecophysiological and modeling tools to develop management and breeding strategies

Visual definition of physiological maturity in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is associated with receptacle quantitative color parameters

Turning heads: The biology of solar tracking in sunflower

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