Capillary zone electrophoresis method to assay tipranavir capsules and identification of oxidation product and organic impurity by quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry

Abstract

Tipranavir (TPV) is one of the most recently developed protease inhibitors (PI) and it is specially recommended for treatment-experienced patients who are resistant to other PI drugs. In this work, a simple and friendly environmental CZE stability-indicating method to assay TPV capsules was developed and two TPV organic impurities were identified by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The optimized analytical conditions were: background electrolyte composed of sodium borate 50mM, pH 9.0 and 5% of methanol; voltage + 28kV; hydrodynamic injection of 5s (100mbar), detection wavelength 240nm, at 25°C. The separation was achieved in a fused silica capillary with 50µm × 40cm (inner diameter × effective length), using furosemide as internal standard. All the validation parameters were met and the method was specific, even in the presence of degradation products and impurities. Oxidation was indicated as the main degradation pathway among those evaluated in this study (acidic, alkaline, thermal, photolytic and oxidative) and it showed a second order degradation kinetic, under the conditions used in this study. The main oxidation product and an organic impurity detected in the standard were characterized by Q-TOF, and both of them correspond to oxidation products of TPV.

Overview of Forced Degradation Analysis for FDA Approved Antiretroviral agents: A Review

“…Antiviral medicines have been quantified using a variety of methods, including UV, capillary electrophoresis, and chromatographic methods such as GC and HPLC, LC-MS, and GC-MS. The authors of this review focus on stability, recommending HPLC/RP-HPLC technologies for the precise and effective development and validation of antiviral medicines such as Zidovudine, [15][16][17][18][19][20] Lamivudine, [20][21][22][23] Nevirapine, [24][25][26][27] Ritonavir, [28][29][30][31] Abacavir, [32][33][34] Efavirenz, [35][36][37][38] Tenofovir, [39][40][41] Fosamprenavir, [42][43][44][45][46] Atazanavir, [47][48] Emtricitabine, 35,35,39,49 Fosamprenavir, [42][43][44][45][46] Tipranavir, [50][51] Darunavir, [52]…”

Capillary electrophoretic methods for quality control analyses of pharmaceuticals: A review

“…A list of CZE‐UV methods applicable to quality control analyses of pharmaceuticals published during the last 5 years is provided in Table 1 [30–52]. Such a typical procedure was introduced by Mufusama et al [33].…”

“…The CZE‐UV method fully validated for quality control applications was used for confirmation of the resulting data [31]. A forced degradation study was also performed by Lago et al [50]. Antiretroviral protease inhibitor tipranavir was treated using oxidative, basic, acidic, photolytic, and thermal conditions.…”