Capillary gas chromatography for the determination of halogenated micro-contaminants

Boer, Jacob de

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00123-5

Cited by 49 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…The congener specific analysis of PCNs remains challenging because of the very similar characteristics of some PCN congeners. For example, the complete separation of isomeric pentachlorinated and hexachlorinated naphthalenes, especially CNs 66 and 67, has been found to be very difficult (de Boer, 1999), and the complete separation of the pentachlorinated and hexachlorinated naphthalenes was first achieved using a GC equipped with a Rt-bDEXcst column in 1999 (Helm et al, 1999). Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC Â GC) has shown promise in the simultaneous analysis of several classes of halogenated organic compounds, including PCNs, PCBs, PCDD/Fs, organochlorine pesticides, and brominated flame retardants (Korytar et al, 2005).…”

Section: Analysis Of Pcns In Stack Gas and Fly Ash Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of unintentionally produced polychlorinated naphthalenes

2014

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Section: Analysis Of Pcns In Stack Gas and Fly Ash Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of unintentionally produced polychlorinated naphthalenes

2014

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“…Chlorinated alkanes (also called chlorinated paraffins, CPs) are complex industrial mixtures formed by direct chlorination of n-alkane feedstocks under forcing conditions of temperature and UV-vis irradiation [1][2][3][4]. These formulations contain a high number of isomers and homologues of polychlorinated n-alkanes (PCAs), with carbon chain lengths between 10 and 30 and a chlorination degree between 30 and 70% (w/w) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-assisted extraction versus Soxhlet extraction for the analysis of short-chain chlorinated alkanes in sediments

Parera

Santos

Galcerán

2004

Journal of Chromatography A

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Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was evaluated as a possible alternative to Soxhlet extraction for analysing short-chain chlorinated alkanes (commonly called short-chain chlorinated paraffins, SCCPs) in river sediment samples, using gas chromatography coupled to negative chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. For MAE optimisation, several extraction parameters such as solvent extraction mixture, extraction time and extraction temperature were studied. Maximum extraction efficiencies for SCCPs (90%) and for 12 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners (91-95%) were achieved using 5 g of sediment sample, 30 ml of n-hexane-acetone (1:1, v/v) as solvent extraction, and 15 min and 115 degrees C of extraction time and temperature, respectively. Activated Florisil was used to clean-up the extracts, allowing highly selective separation of SCCPs from other organic contaminants such as PCBs. MAE was compared with a conventional extraction technique such as Soxhlet and good agreement in the results was obtained. Quality parameters of the optimised MAE method such as run-to-run (R.S.D. 7%) and day-to-day precision (R.S.D. 9%) were determined using spiked river sediment samples, with LODs of 1.5 ng g(-1). This method was successfully applied to the analysis of SCCPs in river sediment samples at concentrations below the ng g(-1) level. O 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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“…Owing to these advantages, HRGC-HRMS has also been applied in analyses of environmental and biological samples that have combined determination of PBDEs and PBBs (Luross et al, 2002). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with electron-capture negative ionization (ECNI) is a common method in the analysis of PBBs, providing high sensitivity (de Boer, 1999). However, PBB-153, the predominant congener in biological matrices, co-elutes with the PBDE BDE-154 on several GC columns.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…As both congeners are detected by the mass fragments m/z = 79 and m/z = 81, chromatographic separation must be achieved to avoid miscalculations, for example on a 60 m capillary column (Zhu & Hites, 2004). On the other hand, a shorter column is advisable for the determination of PBB-209, which is not stable at elevated temperatures (de Boer, 1999;Zhao et al, 2009). As the GC-MS (ECNI) method relies on the detection of the bromide ion, the use of 13 C-labelled standards is excluded.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Biphenyls

Agudo

Aronson²,

Bonefeld-Jörgensen³

et al. 2008

Organic Pollutants

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Capillary gas chromatography for the determination of halogenated micro-contaminants

Cited by 49 publications

References 127 publications

Sources of unintentionally produced polychlorinated naphthalenes

Sources of unintentionally produced polychlorinated naphthalenes

Microwave-assisted extraction versus Soxhlet extraction for the analysis of short-chain chlorinated alkanes in sediments

Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Biphenyls

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