Capillary electrophoresis hyphenated with UV‐native‐laser induced fluorescence detection (CE/UV‐native‐LIF)

Abstract

Native laser-induced fluorescence using UV lasers associated to CE offers now a large related literature, for now 30 years. The main works have been performed using very expensive Ar-ion lasers emitting at 257 and 275 nm. They are not affordable for routine analyses, but have numerous applications such as protein, catecholamine, and indolamine analysis. Some other lasers such as HeCd 325 nm have been used but only for few applications. Diode lasers, emitting at 266 nm, cheaper, are extensively used for the same topics, even if the obtained sensitivity is lower than the one observed using the costly UV-Ar-ion lasers. This review presents various CE or microchips applications and different UV lasers used for the excitation of native fluorescence. We showed that CE/Native UV laser induced fluorescence detection is very sensitive for detection as well as small aromatic biomolecules than proteins containing Trp and Tyr amino acids. Moreover, it is a simple way to analyze biomolecules without derivatization.

A fresh look into background electrolyte selection for capillary electrophoresis‐laser induced fluorescence of peptides and proteins

“…To increase sensitivity of detection of target proteins and peptides, especially in the context of biomarker quantification (down to nM ranges) from biological matrices, LIF detection is in many cases preferable to the universal UV detection. Deep UV‐LIF detection is one interesting option that does not require protein/peptide derivatization . Its widespread use however is limited by the low availability and high cost of powerful laser sources at the UV wavelengths.…”

“…It is also interfered by the presence of other molecules in the matrix that absorb the excitation UV wavelength. A more conventional approach that often offers higher sensitivity is the labeling of proteins/peptides with fluorophores prior to CE‐LIF . In this direction so far, strategies to ensure a good CE‐LIF sensitivity for proteins and peptides analyses mainly focus on sample treatment (i.e.…”

Rapid quantification of aloin A and B in aloe plants and aloe‐containing beverages, and pharmaceutical preparations by microchip capillary electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescence detection

“…Microfluidic approaches have been showing promising potential in overcoming such inconveniences, among which the microchip capillary electrophoresis coupled with the laser induced fluorescence (MCE-LIF) is one of the commonly deployed platforms [24][25][26]. The MCE-LIF method is an upgraded CE-LIF method that exhibits advantages of very little sample and solvent consumption, high analysis speed and high mass sensitivity, which is especially suited for the analysis of minor components with fluorescence present in biological complex mixtures [27][28][29][30][31][32]. Till now, on-chip separation has been made possible on various small molecules of biological interests [25,[33][34][35][36].…”

Microalgae amino acid extraction and analysis at nanomolar level using electroporation and capillary electrophoresis with laser‐induced fluorescence detection

“…Recently, CE–MS was used for the identification of amino acids due to its capability to differentiate overlapping peaks with distinct mass‐to‐charge ratios . CE–LIF is considered as an alternative method and a powerful analytical technique, due to its sensitivity and selectivity [, ]. According to some reviews that described the advances in amino acid analysis by CE, LIF provides the best LOD among the other detection modes available for CE .…”

“…Recently, CE-MS was used for the identification of amino acids due to its capability to differentiate overlapping peaks with distinct mass-to-charge ratios [29,30]. CE-LIF is considered as an alternative method and a powerful analytical technique, due to its sensitivity and selectivity [15,[22][23][24][25][26]31]. According to some reviews that described…”