Capillary electrophoresis‐based separation techniques for the analysis of proteins

Abstract

CE offers the advantages of high speed, great efficiency, as well as the requirement of minimum amounts of sample and buffer for the analysis of proteins. In this review, we summarize the CE-based techniques coupled with absorption, LIF, and MS detection systems for the analysis of proteins mostly within the past 5 years. The basic principle of each technique and its advantages and disadvantages for protein analysis are discussed in brief. Advanced CE techniques, including on-column concentration techniques and high-efficiency multidimensional separation techniques, for high-throughput protein profiling of complex biological samples and/or of single cells are emphasized. Although the developed techniques provide improved peak capacity, they have not become practical tools for proteomics, mainly because of poor reproducibility, low-sample lading capacity, and low throughput due to ineffective interfaces between two separation dimensions and that between separation and MS systems. In order to identify the complexities and dynamics of the proteomes expressed by cells, tissues, or organisms, techniques providing improved analytical sensitivity, throughput, and dynamic ranges are still demanded.

Approaching clinical proteomics: current state and future fields of application in fluid proteomics

“…This is due primarily to poor reproducibility, complicated configurations and the need of skilled operators (74).…”

CE‐ESI‐TOF/MS for human growth hormone analysis

“…First, CE has several appealing features, such as high speed, great efficiency, and low solvent and sample consumptions [12]. Moreover, in contrast to LC, CE separation is achieved in a capillary in aqueous conditions.…”

Capillary Electrophoresis in Nanotechnologies versus Nanotechnologies in Capillary Electrophoresis

“…The group of applications has also widened markedly. The applications of CE are covering huge number of analytes from inorganic ions [4][5][6][7][8] and organic molecules [9][10][11] to biomolecules such as proteins [12][13][14] and DNA [15][16][17]. The golden era of CE was in 1990s, during the Human Genome Project [18].…”