Capillary electrochromatography of basic compounds in pharmaceutical analysis

Enlund, Anna Maria; Hagman, Gunnar; Isaksson, Roland; Westerlund, Douglas

doi:10.1016/s0165-9936(02)00605-2

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…When the concentration of phosphate buffer in the mobile phase continues to decline, this phenomenon was also observed for alprenolol and atenolol, yet it is difficult to reproduce. Euerby et al [25] and Enlund et al [26] also observed the irreproducibility of the peak focusing effect when analyzing basic pharmaceuticals on SCX column. Extensive study is still needed to gain a further understanding of the mechanisms behind such a phenomenon.…”

Section: Separation Of Basic Analytes On a Monolithic Silica Columnmentioning

confidence: 96%

Preparation of monolithic silica column with strong cation‐exchange stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography

Xie¹,

Hu²,

Xiao³

et al. 2005

J of Separation Science

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Preparation of monolithic silica column with strong cation-exchange stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography A monolithic silica based strong cation-exchange stationary phase was successfully prepared for capillary electrochromatography. The monolithic silica matrix from a solgel process was chemically modified by treatment with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane followed by a chemical oxidation procedure to produce the desired function. The strong cation-exchange stationary phase was characterized by its substantial and stable electroosmotic flow (EOF), and it was observed that the EOF value of the prepared column remained almost unchanged at different buffer pH values and slowly decreased with increasing phosphate concentration in the mobile phase. The monolithic silica column with strong cation-exchange stationary phase has been successfully employed in the electrochromatographic separation of b-blockers and alkaloids extracted from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). The column efficiencies for the tested b-blockers varied from 210,000 to 340,000 plates/m. A peak compression effect was observed for atenolol with the mobile phase having a low phosphate concentration.

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Section: Separation Of Basic Analytes On a Monolithic Silica Columnmentioning

confidence: 96%

Preparation of monolithic silica column with strong cation‐exchange stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography

Xie¹,

Hu²,

Xiao³

et al. 2005

J of Separation Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Buffer solutions with concentrations in the 2-5 mM range are used in CEC. It is common to have an acetonitrile concentration of 50-90% as organic modifier (see Table 2) [9,110,119,[121][122][123][124]]. …”

Section: Capillary Electrochromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These arise from Joule heating and variations in EOF velocity on passing from the stationary phase through the frit and into the open tube. This could be prevented either by pressurizing the vials to about 500 psi or by using low-conductivity buffers like Tris [8,[119][120][121]124]. …”

Section: Capillary Electrochromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of nucleic acid constituents by on‐line capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry

et al. 2005

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This review is focused on the capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometric (CE-MS) analysis of nucleic acid constituents in the broadest sense, going from nucleotides and adducted nucleotides over nucleoside analogues to oligonucleotides. These nucleic acid constituents play an important role in a variety of biochemical processes. Hence, their isolation, identification, and quantification will undoubtedly help reveal the process of life and disease mechanisms, such as carcinogenesis, and can also be useful for antitumor and antiviral drug research to provide valuable information about mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicity, therapeutic drug level monitoring, and quality control related to this substance class. Fundamental investigations into their structure, the search for modifications, the occurrence and biochemical impact of structural variation amongst others, are therefore of great value. In view of the related bioanalytical procedures, the coupling of CE to MS has emerged as a powerful tool for the analysis of the complex mixtures of nucleic acid constituents: CE confers rapid analysis and efficient resolution, while MS provides high selectivity and sensitivity with structural characterization of minute amounts of compound. After an introduction about the biochemical and analytical perspectives on the nucleic acid constituents, the different modes of CE used in this field of research as well as the relevant CE-MS interfaces and the difficulties associated with quantitative CE-MS are briefly discussed. A large section is finally devoted to field-oriented applications.

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“…Reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) in particular, has proven to be very versatile in its ability to simultaneously analyze small molecular weight compounds of different polarities [60][61][62][63]. However, the cationic nature of weak basic drugs such as tricyclic antidepressants and bronchodilators produces broad asymmetrical peaks when analyzed by RP-HPLC or CEC with aqueous-organic solutions as a mobile phase, and C18 columns (containing high amount of residual or free silanol groups) as stationary phases [64,65]. This phenomenon is attributed to the ionic interaction of the charged solutes with the residual free silanol groups on the alkyl-bonded reversedphase packing [66].…”

Section: Determination Of Basic Drugs By Hplcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of pharmaceutical drugs by a modified nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis – mass spectrometry method

et al. 2003

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A simple method for the separation and characterization of a group of nine basic compounds, comprising seven tricyclic antidepressant and two bronchodilator drugs, by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) employing ultraviolet and mass spectrometry detection is described. After optimization of the electrophoresis separation conditions, including the compositions of the electrolyte and the organic solvent, a reliable separation of all nine basic analytes was achieved in 80 mM ammonium formate dissolved in a methanol-acetonitrite (80:20 v/v) mixture, having an apparent pH of 8.7. The volatile nonaqueous electrolyte system used with a normal electroosmotic flow polarity also provided an optimal separation condition for the characterization of the analytes by mass spectrometry. When results were compared with reversed-phase gradient and isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods, the NACE method provided greater efficiency, achieving baseline resolution for all nine basic compounds in less than 30 min. The NACE method is suitable for use as a routine procedure for the rapid separation and characterization of basic compounds and is a viable alternative to HPLC for the separation of a wide range of pharmaceutical drugs.

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Capillary electrochromatography of basic compounds in pharmaceutical analysis

Cited by 31 publications

References 67 publications

Preparation of monolithic silica column with strong cation‐exchange stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography

Preparation of monolithic silica column with strong cation‐exchange stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography

Analysis of nucleic acid constituents by on‐line capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry

Characterization of pharmaceutical drugs by a modified nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis – mass spectrometry method

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