Capillary Chromatography Based on Tube Radial Distribution of Aqueous-Organic Mixture Carrier Solvents: Introduction of Double Tubes Having Different Inner Diameters to the System

Influences of Analyte Injection Volumes and Concentrations on Capillary Chromatography Based on Tube Radial Distribution of Carrier Solvents under Laminar Flow Conditions

“…The tube radial distribution of the carrier solvents in the TRDC system is also supported by other experimental data using polymer particles as analytes [8], phenylboronic acid or iminodiacetic acid-modified fused-silica capillary tubes [9], and double fused-silica capillary tubes with different inner diameters [10], as well as by visual observation that the dyes dissolved in the carrier solution were radially distributed based on their hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature in the micro-channel in a micro-chip or in the capillary tube [11,12]. We also tried to discuss the mechanism of the formation of the inner and outer phases in the tube radial distribution of the solvents [13].…”

“…Related research has been discussed in detail in our previous papers [6,7]. We have developed a capillary chromatography system using an open capillary tube and a water-hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic mixture carrier solution [6][7][8][9][10][11]. This system works …”

Experimental Consideration of Capillary Chromatography Based on Tube Radial Distribution of Ternary Mixture Carrier Solvents under Laminar Flow Conditions

“…[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Here, instead of acetonitrile (hydrophilic organic solvent), methanol, ethanol, 1,4-dioxane, and 1-propanol were used to prepare the homogeneous ternary mixed carrier solutions that had the specific component ratios of the solvents near the homogeneous-heterogeneous solution boundary region. The component ratios of the solvents in thus prepared carrier solutions were as follows: water-methanol-ethyl acetate (100:20:15 volume ratio), water-ethanol-ethyl acetate (100:20:15 volume ratio), water-1,4-dioxane-ethyl acetate (100:5:10 volume ratio), and water-1-propanol-ethyl acetate (100:10:11 volume ratio).…”

“…Here, instead of ethyl acetate (hydrophobic organic solvent) in the ternary mixture carrier solution of water-acetonitrile-ethyl acetate as in our previous reports, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] chloroform, hexane, and 1-butanol were used to prepare the homogeneous ternary mixed carrier solutions that had the specific component ratios of the solvents near the homogeneous-heterogeneous solution boundary region. The component ratios of the carrier solutions were as follows: water-acetonitrile-hexane (100:30:1 volume ratio), water-acetonitrile-chloroform (100:30:1 volume ratio), and water-acetonitrile-1-butanol (100:15:20 volume ratio).…”

“…Consequently, the analytes that are delivered through the capillary tube are distributed between the inner and outer phases, undergoing chromatographic separation in the capillary tube. Phenylboronic acid and iminodiacetic acid-modified fused-silica capillary tubes 20 as well as double fused-silica capillary tubes with different inner diameters 21 were also used in the TRDC separation mode to confirm the concept of the TRDC system. The elution behavior of polymer particles as analytes was also examined with the TRDC system.…”