Capacity of an ecologically key urchin to recover from extreme events: Physiological impacts of heatwaves and the road to recovery

Minuti, Jay J.; Byrne, Maria; Hemraj, Deevesh A.; Russell, Bayden D.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147281

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Though not lethal, continuous heatwaves (i.e., Present-day and Extended heatwave treatments) reduced the performance of the sea star A. rubens in feeding, growth, and activity, which confirms previous findings (Rühmkorff et al, unpublished data). Similar impacts and temperature thresholds were also identified for other sea stars (Pisaster ochraceus, Pincebourde et al, 2008) and sea urchins (Heliocidaris erythrogramma, Minuti et al, 2021). Melzner et al (personal communication) showed for echinoderms, that thermal stress causes low coelomic oxygen concentrations.…”

Section: Heatwaves Reduce the Performance Of Asterias Rubenssupporting

confidence: 56%

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The Role of Recovery Phases in Mitigating the Negative Impacts of Marine Heatwaves on the Sea Star Asterias rubens

2022

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During recent years, experimental ecology started to focus on regional to local environmental fluctuations in the context of global climate change. Among these, marine heatwaves can pose significant threats to marine organisms. Yet, experimental studies that include fluctuating thermal stress are rare, and if available often fail to base experimental treatments on available long-term environmental data. We evaluated 22-year high-resolution sea surface temperature data on the occurrence of heatwaves and cold-spells in a temperate coastal marine environment. The absence of a general warming trend in the data may in parts be responsible for a lack of changes in heatwave occurrences (frequency) and their traits (intensity, duration, and rate of change) over time. Yet, the retrieved traits for present-day heatwaves ensured most-natural treatment scenarios, enabling an experimental examination of the impacts of marine heatwaves and phases of recovery on an important temperate predator, the common sea star Asterias rubens. In a 68-days long experiment, we compared a 37- and a 28-days long heatwave with a treatment that consisted of three consecutive 12-days long heatwaves with 4 days of recovery in between. The heatwaves had an intensity of 4.6°C above climatological records, resulting in a maximum temperature of 23.25°C. We demonstrate that heatwaves decrease feeding and activity of A. rubens, with longer heatwaves having a more severe and lasting impact on overall feeding pressure (up to 99.7% decrease in feeding rate) and growth (up to 87% reduction in growth rate). Furthermore, heatwaves of similar overall mean temperature, but interrupted, had a minor impact compared to continuous heatwaves, and the impact diminished with repeated heatwave events. We experimentally demonstrated that mild heatwaves of today’s strength decrease the performance of A. rubens. However, this echinoderm may use naturally occurring short interruptions of thermal stress as recovery to persist in a changing and variable ocean. Thus, our results emphasize the significance of thermal fluctuations and especially, the succession and timing of heat-stress events.

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Section: Heatwaves Reduce the Performance Of Asterias Rubenssupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Pincebourde et al (2008) likewise demonstrated that longer exposure to heat stress provokes a lasting effect on sea stars. Even when the stress event may be over, echinoderms still suffer from the experienced heat stress by carry over effects (Minuti et al, 2021).…”

Section: Heatwaves Reduce the Performance Of Asterias Rubensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Recovery Phases in Mitigating the Negative Impacts of Marine Heatwaves on the Sea Star Asterias rubens

2022

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“…In the starfish Odontaster validus, while temperatures of 2 °C above ambient had little effect on righting time, starfish righted more slowly when heated by a further degree (Kidawa et al 2010). Likewise, the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma righted at similar speeds at ambient temperature and with a 2 °C temperature increase, but a further degree of warming more than doubled the righting time (Minuti et al 2021). In contrast, several studies have found that the righting time of echinoderms, such as the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius (Zhang et al 2017) and the brittle star Ophiura ophiura (Wood et al 2010), changed very little with 3 °C and 4.5 °C of warming (above ambient), respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of elevated temperature on the performance and survival of pacific crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster cf. solaris)

et al. 2022

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Population irruptions of Pacific crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster cf. solaris) have caused substantial damage to coral reefs, but it is largely unknown how this asteroid will fare in a warmer ocean. We exposed these starfish to one of four thermal treatments, with final temperatures of 26 °C (control, annual average), 28 °C (summer average), 30 °C (summer maximum) and 32 °C (predicted summer maximum by 2100). We measured the righting time, movement rate, standard metabolic rate and probability of survival of the crown-of-thorns starfish at various timepoints over ~ 60 days. We found that while temperature did not affect righting time, it did significantly affect movement rate. The movement rate of starfish increased across the 26 to 30 °C range, with those at 28 °C and 30 °C moving 18 and 27% faster than those at the control temperature. Similarly, the standard metabolic rate of starfish increased from 26 to 30 °C, with metabolism 100% and 260% faster at 28 °C and 30 °C compared to those at the 26 °C control. At 32 °C, individual starfish exhibited a 14% slower movement rate, a 33% slower metabolic rate, and also exhibited a fourfold lower probability of survival than those at 30 °C. These results indicate that 32 °C is above the thermal optimum of crown-of-thorns starfish, suggesting that prolonged exposure to temperatures that are expected to be regularly exceeded under near-future climate change may be detrimental to this species.

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“…This was mainly due to denitrification reaction could completely take place when the water temperature was between 10°C and 30°C (Liao et al, 2018), and the increase of water temperature would reduce the solubility of oxygen in the water under the appropriate water temperature (Veraart et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2011) (Table 1). In addition, high temperatures also tended to promote respiration instead of photosynthesis (Minuti et al, 2021), which further reduces dissolved oxygen. As an anaerobic reaction, denitrification was enhanced when the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water decreased.…”

Section: Denitrification Rates and Construction Of Arrhenius Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, some researchers have proposed that denitrification is the primary nitrogen removal process in freshwater ecosystems, which occurs at the sediment−water interface (Saunders and Kalff, 2001;Veraart et al, 2011) and is greatly affected by water temperature (Liao et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2018). Additionally, water temperature can directly or indirectly affect denitrification by affecting the dissolved oxygen concentration, nitrogen release, and microbial activity (Gebremariam et al, 2021;Minuti et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2021). Therefore, studies on the effect of denitrification at the sediment−water interface are vital for understanding lake water eutrophication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arrhenius Equation Construction And Nitrate Source Identification Of Denitrification At The Lake Taihu Sediment−Water Interface With 15N Isotope

Pang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Total nitrogen in Taihu Lake, China has gradually decreased since 2015 while the total phosphorus concentration has exhibited an increasing trend, indicating an asynchronous change. The dominant nitrogen removal process in freshwater ecosystems is denitrification which primarily occurs at the sediment–water interface. In this study, 15N isotope incubation experiments were attempted to analyze the effect of water temperature on denitrification, to construct the regional denitrification Arrhenius equations considering water temperature, and to identify the nitrate source of denitrification in Lake Taihu sediments. The results indicated that the potential N2 production rates and denitrification rates generally decreased in the west to east direction, which was significantly positively correlated with the nitrate concentration of overlying water by Pearson correlation coefficient analysis (P<0.05). In addition, when the water temperature was lower than 30°C, the rates of the potential N2 production and denitrification were higher with an increase in water temperature, but when the water temperature was overhigh, denitrification was inhibited. The ratio of the total denitrification rate of nitrate from the water column in the sediment to the total denitrification rate during the incubation experiment was above 0.5 at each sampling site. This indicated that the denitrification in the Lake Taihu sediment primarily occurred at the expense of nitrate from the water column. Research on denitrification has important implications for improving the water quality of Lake Taihu, and the findings of the study act as a reference for the water environment treatment of other shallow eutrophic lakes in China and globally.

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Capacity of an ecologically key urchin to recover from extreme events: Physiological impacts of heatwaves and the road to recovery

Cited by 40 publications

References 62 publications

The Role of Recovery Phases in Mitigating the Negative Impacts of Marine Heatwaves on the Sea Star Asterias rubens

The Role of Recovery Phases in Mitigating the Negative Impacts of Marine Heatwaves on the Sea Star Asterias rubens

Effects of elevated temperature on the performance and survival of pacific crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster cf. solaris)

Arrhenius Equation Construction And Nitrate Source Identification Of Denitrification At The Lake Taihu Sediment−Water Interface With 15N Isotope

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