Capacitor blocks for linear transformer driver stages

Kovalchuk, B. M.; Kharlov, A. V.; Kumpyak, E. V.; Smorudov, G.V.; Zherlitsyn, A. A.

doi:10.1063/1.4857475

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The present rail-gap switches can be triggered electrically by placing a HV pulsed knife edge electrode near one of the switch electrodes or via a UV pre-ionized channel that runs closely along one of the electrodes [4][5][6]. Since the capacitor connections are an inherently rectangular geometry, maintaining the rectangular geometry in the gas switch [4][5][6][9][10][11][12] allows a large decrease in overall system inductance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multi-gap multi-channel switches with air insulation have been investigated recently [9][10][11][12]. In those switches dry air at atmospheric pressure is used as the working gas, providing easy handling and maintenance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To meet LTD requirements, multichannel switching regimes are preferred. Such regimes may be realized in spark modules with rail-gap switches [4][5][6] and also in multi-gap multi-channel switches [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of Capacitor Blocks with Multi-Channel Switches for Linear Transformer Driver Stages

et al. 2015

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In the linear transformer driver technology, the low inductance energy storage components and switches are directly incorporated into the individual cavities (named stages) to generate a fast output voltage pulse, which is added along a vacuum coaxial line like in an inductive voltage adder. In this paper, we outline the detailed design concept and the basic parameters of four capacitor blocks with four different types of multi-channel gas switches. The 100 kV capacitor block #1 and #2 incorporate two parallel capacitors (40 nF, 100 kV) and multi-gap multi-channel gas switches with triggering plate or triggering cable. The 200 kV capacitor block #3 and #4 incorporate two capacitors (40 nF, 100 kV) in series and rail-gap gas switches with one triggering rail or two triggering rails. Operating principles of four multi-channel gas switches are illustrated by using the equivalent electrical scheme of each switch. The basic characteristics of four capacitor blocks are given. The effect of stray capacitances on the trigger pulses is also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of Capacitor Blocks with Multi-Channel Switches for Linear Transformer Driver Stages

et al. 2015

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“…While multichannel spark gap switches working under atmospheric pressure are of considerable interest, it should be noted that in general, spark gap behavior does not favor multiple parallel channels without some form of isolation. Multichannel switching regimes may be realized in spark modules with three-electrode rail-gap switches [4] and also in multi-gap multi-channel switches [5][6][7][8]. For multi-gap multi-channel switches, in the process of charging the voltage is uniformly distributed among the gaps in series with the help of an external resistance divider.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on a Planar Multi-Gap Multi-Channel Gas Switch for Linear Transformer Drivers

Xiao

Deng

et al. 2015

J Fusion Energ

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To meet linear transformer driver requirements, such as low inductance and long life, a planar multi-gap multi-channel gas switch working under atmospheric pressure is investigated in this paper. A high speed ICCD framing camera is used to catch the images of discharge channels. Some useful images are obtained by the camera and help us to understand the developing process of multiple discharge channels. The results of experiments show that the switch can be triggered reliably and the framing camera images provide the evidence of multiple discharge channels. We calculated the inductance of circuit and switch, which indicates that multiple discharge channels are beneficial to the reduction of the inductance. The relatively uniform erosion spots of the electrodes imply that the randomness of spatial distribution of discharge channels helps to prolong the life of the switch. However, the different breakdown probability of each discharge channel and the difference among discharge channels may influence the life of switch. Influence of working coefficient and triggering voltage on the inductance of the switch and the number of discharge channels are also studied. These work and results may give us some guidelines to design and apply a multi-gap multi-channel gas switch in the future.

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“…This high efficiency provides a strong motivation for the pursuit of relevant technologies, such as the lineartransformer-driver (LTD), which was initiated by the High Current Electron Institute (HCEI) in Russia [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Considerable work [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] has been conducted worldwide over the past 15 years in development of LTD components and systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a 5-MA 100-ns linear-transformer-driver accelerator for wire array Z-pinch experiments

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

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The linear-transformer-driver (LTD) is a recently developed pulsed-power technology that shows great promise for a number of applications. These include a Z-pinch-driven fission-fusion-hybrid reactor that is being developed by the Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics. In support of the reactor development effort, we are planning to build an LTD-based accelerator that is optimized for driving wire-array Z-pinch loads. The accelerator comprises six modules in parallel, each of which has eight series 0.8-MA LTD cavities in a voltage-adder configuration. Vacuum transmission lines are used from the interior of the adder to the central vacuum chamber where the load is placed. Thus the traditional stack-flashover problem is eliminated. The machine is 3.2 m tall and 12 m in outer diameter including supports. A prototype cavity was built and tested for more than 6000 shots intermittently at a repetition rate of 0.1 Hz. A novel trigger, in which only one input trigger pulse is needed by utilizing an internal trigger brick, was developed and successfully verified in these shots. A full circuit modeling was conducted for the accelerator. The simulation result shows that a current pulse rising to 5.2 MA in 91 ns (10%-90%) can be delivered to the wire-array load, which is 1.5 cm in height, 1.2 cm in initial radius, and 1 mg in mass. The maximum implosion velocity of the load is 32 cm=μs when compressed to 0.1 of the initial radius. The maximum kinetic energy is 78 kJ, which is 11.7% of the electric energy stored in the capacitors. This accelerator is supposed to enable a radiation energy efficiency of 20%-30%, providing a high efficient facility for research on the fast Z pinch and technologies for repetition-rate-operated accelerators.

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Capacitor blocks for linear transformer driver stages

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Design of Capacitor Blocks with Multi-Channel Switches for Linear Transformer Driver Stages

Design of Capacitor Blocks with Multi-Channel Switches for Linear Transformer Driver Stages

Study on a Planar Multi-Gap Multi-Channel Gas Switch for Linear Transformer Drivers

Design of a 5-MA 100-ns linear-transformer-driver accelerator for wire array Z-pinch experiments

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