Capacitive Sensor for Level Measurement in Hopper/Silos - Experimental Evaluation

Pal, Amit; Kalyan, Urandur Pavan; Harika, C M; Vasuki, B.

doi:10.1109/icicict46008.2019.8993257

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Considering that ECT had limited functionality in the structural health monitoring in agricultural silos, novel ultrasonic, wireless, and piezoelectric sensors should be employed to ascertain the extent of the corrosion, cracking and spalling, deterioration, de-bonding, surface and subsurface deformations, and delamination on the silo walls. One of the novel developments was presented by Pal et al [ 82 ]—the study employed capacitance sensors for level measurement in hoppers/silos [ 82 ]. A key shortcoming was material-specific reliability—the technique was only demonstrated in metallic silos.…”

Section: Sensors For Health Monitoring Of Agricultural Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Agricultural Structures

Maraveas

Bartzanas

2021

Sensors

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The health diagnosis of agricultural structures is critical to detecting damages such as cracks in concrete, corrosion, spalling, and delamination. Agricultural structures are susceptible to environmental degradation due to frequent exposure to water, organic effluent, farm chemicals, structural loading, and unloading. Various sensors have been employed for accurate and real-time monitoring of agricultural building structures, including electrochemical, ultrasonic, fiber-optic, piezoelectric, wireless, fiber Bragg grating sensors, and self-sensing concrete. The cost–benefits of each type of sensor and utility in a farm environment are explored in the review. Current literature suggests that the functionality of sensors has improved with progress in technology. Notable improvements made with the progress in technology include better accuracy of the measurements, reduction of signal-to-noise ratio, and transmission speed, and the deployment of machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence in smart IoT-based agriculture. Key challenges include inconsistent installation of sensors in farm structures, technical constraints, and lack of support infrastructure, awareness, and preference for traditional inspection methods.

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Section: Sensors For Health Monitoring Of Agricultural Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Agricultural Structures

Maraveas

Bartzanas

2021

Sensors

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“…When ultrasonic waves are perpendicularly located on two media with different acoustic impedances, the reflected wave returns in a path opposite to the incident wave, and the rest of the ultrasonic waves penetrate the interface and enter the second medium. According to the principle of continuous sound pressure and continuous vibration velocity on the interface, the reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient of sound pressure can be obtained by Equations (3) and 4…”

Section: Reflection and Transmission Of Ultrasonic Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For harsh investigation environments that have features such as high temperatures, a high pressure, and sealing, some detection methods require the sensor to directly contact the measured liquid or to be installed with holes, which will damage the integrity of the tested container [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Non-contact and non-holes techniques in this context are the most appropriate measurement method [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Validation of Ultrasonic Probes in Liquid Level Monitoring Systems

Gao

Liu

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Selecting and designing the optimum ultrasonic probe is vital for ultrasonic measurements and experiments. The amplitude of the emitted ultrasonic wave excitation signal as well as the diameter and the natural frequency of the probe seriously affect the validity of the probe results. In this paper, we analyze the significance of the key parameters of the ultrasonic probe theoretically. Further, an external fixed-point liquid level monitoring system was assembled according to the principle of ultrasonic reflection and transmission. On this experimental platform, we study the key parameters of the ultrasonic probe that affect the system evaluation through a simulation and experiment, and select the optimal sensor parameters for this experiment. The evaluations show that under the experimental conditions where the tested container is made of aluminum alloy and its wall thickness is 3 mm, the best results are obtained when the diameter of the ultrasonic sensor is 15 mm, the amplitude of the emitted excitation signal is ±15 V, and the frequency is 1 MHz. The results’ average deviation is less than ±0.22 V. The evaluations are consistent with the simulation results. This research can effectively monitor the liquid in the closed, ultra-thin-walled container, and can realize non-contact measurement. It provides an effective basis for the parameters selection and design of the ultrasonic probe in the ultrasonic-based experiments and tests.

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Current Trends in Bulk Solids Quantity Monitoring Inside the Large Capacity Industrial Tanks and Reservoirs

Zabolotnyi,

Tsyban

2024

Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

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Capacitive Sensor for Level Measurement in Hopper/Silos - Experimental Evaluation

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Agricultural Structures

Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Agricultural Structures

Analysis and Validation of Ultrasonic Probes in Liquid Level Monitoring Systems

Current Trends in Bulk Solids Quantity Monitoring Inside the Large Capacity Industrial Tanks and Reservoirs

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