Capabilities of supported liquid membranes for metal speciation in natural waters: application to copper speciation

Parthasarathy, N.; Buffle, Jacques

doi:10.1016/0003-2670(94)85069-0

Cited by 87 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Due to the small permeability of the system and the rather large strip volume (500 mL), the preconcentration factor was low (20) and accumulation time long (4 h). Recently, Ueberfeld et al [18] have coupled a fiber optic sensing system to the hollow fiber PLM developed by Parthasarathy et al [6]. It has been applied to the measurement of copper based on the fluorescence quenching of calcein and enabled real time measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These systems have shown the potential of the technique but they were not optimized in terms of cell geometry and strip volume and were not developed for speciation measurements. Parthasarathy et al [6] have developed a carrier specially designed for metal speciation studies and the corresponding PLM system has been coupled on-line with a voltammetric detector using a single Ir-based Hg plated microelectrode [9 ± 11]. Accumulation factor of 800 and 300 after 20 min of accumulation were obtained for Pb and Cu, respectively, using a hollow fiber as PLM, leading to detection limit of 20 pM for Pb in these conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PLM technique is thus a powerful analytical tool for metal speciation studies. There are, however, few reports on metal analysis in natural waters and even fewer on trace metal speciation measurements [5,6] even though this technique has several advantages:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Microanalytical System Coupling Permeation Liquid Membrane and Voltammetry for Trace Metal Speciation. Technical Description and Optimization

et al. 2004

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A new minicell coupling the liquid-liquid extraction technique called permeation liquid membrane (PLM) with an integrated Ir-based Hg-plated microelectrode array for voltammetric detection has been developed for the speciation of heavy metals in natural waters. Lead and cadmium have been used as model compounds. The PLM consists of a carrier (0.1 M 22DD 0.1 M lauric acid) dissolved in 1 : 1 mixture of toluene/phenylhexane held in the small pores (30 nm) of a hydrophobic polypropylene membrane (Celgard 2500). One side of this membrane is in contact with a flowing source solution, containing the metal ions of interest. An acceptor or strip solution (pyrophosphate) is placed on the other side of the PLM with the microelectrode array placed at 480 mm of the PLM. The analyte is transported by the carrier from the source solution to the strip solution. The originality of the new minicell is that accumulation in the strip solution is voltammetrically followed by the integrated microelectrode array in real time, and at low concentration level, using square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). In order to protect the Hg microelectrodes from the adsorption of the hydrophobic carrier, the microelectrodes are embedded in a thin gel layer (280 mm) of 1.5% LGL agarose gel containing 10% of hydrophobic silica particles C18. The choice of optimum conditions is discussed in details in this article. Due to the very small effective strip volume of the new cell (less than 1 mL), high enrichment factor can be obtained (e.g., 330 for Pb) after 2 hours of accumulation. No deaeration of the solutions is required for SWASV measurements. Detection limits under these conditions are 2 pM and 75 pM for Pb and Cd, respectively, using a voltammetric deposition time of 5 min. In addition, no fouling effects were observed with natural water samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Microanalytical System Coupling Permeation Liquid Membrane and Voltammetry for Trace Metal Speciation. Technical Description and Optimization

et al. 2004

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“…However, it is not straight forward due to low concentration levels. A possible way is to use a separation/preconcentration supported liquid membrane technique (SLM) [17,22], applicable directly on board with minimum sample handling.…”

Section: In-situ Trace Metal Monitoring In Oxygen Saturated Seawatermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Voltammetric In-Situ Profiling System for ContinuousReal-Time Monitoring of Trace Elements in Natural Waters

Tercier¹,

Buffle

Graziottin

1998

Electroanalysis

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This article describes a novel voltammetric in-situ profiling system (VIP System) for continuous, real-time monitoring of trace elements in fresh and seawater down to 500 meter depth. The VIP System has been designed using advanced microprocessor and telemetry technology. The heart of the submersible voltammetric probe is a Hg-plated Ir-based microsensor covered with an antifouling gel membrane. This gel integrated microsensor allows direct voltammetric measurements of trace metals in complex media without physical and chemical interferences of the test solution. A detailed description of the system is given and examples of environmental applications are reported for in-situ trace metal monitoring in oxygen saturated seawater as well as for in-situ profiling of Mn II in anoxic lake water. The results indicate that the VIP System is robust and reliable and that in-situ measurements of mobile fraction of trace metals can be achieved down to very low concentration levels (ca. 5 ppt).

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“…There are numerous recent reports of chemical separations by supported liquid membranes (SLM) (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). The pores of a microporous solid support are impregnated with a hydrophobic liquid, forming the membrane that separates the sample (donor) and receiver solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of supported liquid membranes and solid-phase extraction for quantitative removal of lead from aqueous solutions

Yourd¹,

Tyson²

2003

Can. J. Chem.

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The selective transport of a target metal ion across a membrane from a donor to an acceptor solution is an attractive concept for preconcentration or separation in a flow injection (FI) system. However, we found that the transport of lead across a supported liquid membrane consisting of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 in decanol embedded in Celgard 2400 was too slow to be practical for an FI atomic spectrometry system. On the other hand, the same chemistry in an on-line, solid-phase reactor (a mini-column containing Pb-Spec resin) gave a satisfactory performance. In an attempt to understand the kinetics of the system, we have calculated the rate of transport across the membrane. As flux is proportional to concentration on the donor side -which decreases with time -we performed a series of numerical simulations involving fixed time intervals of decreasing values. These calculations show that for the sizes of membranes in a typical FI system, transport is very slow compared with the adsorption of lead by the Pb-Spec resin: it takes about 100 min for the concentration in a 0.06 mL donor solution to decrease by a factor of 1000. The time required for the same decrease in concentration for a membrane having the same surface area and ligand concentration as the Pb-Spec column was calculated as approximately 9 s.Key words: supported liquid membrane, solid-phase extraction, flow-injection, lead. Résumé :Le transport sélectif d'un ion métallique cible à travers une membrane à partir d'un donneur vers une solution accepteuse est un concept attrayant pour la préconcentration ou la séparation dans un système à injection continue (IC). Cependant, nous avons trouvé que le transport du plomb à travers une membrane liquide incrustée dans un support, cette membrane est constituée de dicyclohexano-18-couronne-6 dans le décanol incorporé dans du Celgard 2400, est trop lent pour être pratique dans un système de spectrométrie atomique à injection continue (IC). Par ailleurs la même chimie en continu dans un réacteur en phase solide (une mini colonne contenant une résine Pb-Spec), a donné une performance satisfaisante. Dans une tentative pour comprendre la cinétique du système, nous avons calculé la vitesse de transport à travers la membrane. Comme le flux est proportionnel à la concentration du côté du donneur, laquelle diminue avec le temps, nous avons réalisé une série de simulations numériques impliquant des intervalles de temps fixes de valeurs décroissantes. Ces calculs montrent que, compte tenu des dimensions des membranes dans un système typique à injection continue, le transport est très lent comparativement à l'adsorption du plomb par la résine Pb-Spec; il faut environ 100 minutes pour que la concentration dans 0,06 mL d'une solution donneuse décroisse d'un facteur de 1000. Le temps requis pour la même diminution de concentration dans le cas d'une membrane ayant la même superficie et la même concentration de ligand dans une colonne de Pb-Spec est selon les calculs approximativement de 9 s.

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Capabilities of supported liquid membranes for metal speciation in natural waters: application to copper speciation

Cited by 87 publications

References 21 publications

Integrated Microanalytical System Coupling Permeation Liquid Membrane and Voltammetry for Trace Metal Speciation. Technical Description and Optimization

Integrated Microanalytical System Coupling Permeation Liquid Membrane and Voltammetry for Trace Metal Speciation. Technical Description and Optimization

A Novel Voltammetric In-Situ Profiling System for ContinuousReal-Time Monitoring of Trace Elements in Natural Waters

Comparison of supported liquid membranes and solid-phase extraction for quantitative removal of lead from aqueous solutions

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