Caodaism in Times of War: Spirits of Struggle and Struggle of Spirits

Jammes, Jérémy

doi:10.1355/sj31-1g

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The contacts of this spirit-medium of Tây Ninh with the public and even cosmopolitan world remain surprising, but not exceptional. The Chief of the Mediums and Guardian of the Dharma (Hộ pháp), Phạm Công Tắc, did the same (Hoskins 2015;Jammes 2016).…”

Section: Some Occultist Editors-in-chiefmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Picture 1: Covers of some Cao Đài journals There is an epistemological challenge here in order to recognise the multiplicity of forces, discourses, and tactics (in the usage of print technology in the scope of this paper)-and even a situation of multiple poles of power within the Cao Đài community. Multipolarity in production of official discourses or 'orthodoxies' (much less in orthopraxis) has always characterised the Cao Đài religion, especially because of its division into branches or denominations and the localised clientelism of patron-client ties and nepotistic relationships and strategies of power (Jammes 2014: 143-147;Jammes 2016). The creation of Cao Đài journals examined in this paper echoes the reality of many Cao Đài organisational centres in perpetual crises of legitimacy, competing with one another to disseminate 'one' orthodoxy claimed by a branch or a group of branches.…”

Section: Setting the Scene: Cao đàI Multi-polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Printing Cosmopolitanism, Challenging Orthodoxies: Cao Đài Journals in Twentieth Century Vietnam

Jammes¹

2018

Vienna Journal of East Asian Studies

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In the first part of the twentieth century, some members of the French- or Chinese-educated but indigenous religious, economic, and political elite in southern Vietnam (Cochin-China) intensively engaged in spirit-medium practices. Many of them set up or joined the new Cao Đài religion and its spirit-medium séances. Integrating in their pantheon religious figures from Buddhism, Daoism, Confucianism, and even Catholicism, Cao Đài leaders deliberately challenged the orthodoxies at that time, tactically undermining the local religious elites, but also proposing a universal theological redemption and moral reform through the publication of their new set of spirit medium messages. Very quickly after the creation of Caodaism in 1926, various groups branched off, borrowing and adapting this reformed and orthodox posture within the Cao Đài community itself. While the Cao Đài canon may be well-known to scholars, Cao Đài community journals have yet to be examined in detail, although they often served as incubators for the Cao Đài quest for orthodoxy and a modern path to salvation. Based on archival studies and field research trips to the relevant areas, this paper aims to show how collective and individual actors of these Cao Đài groups have mobilised institutional, rhetorical, ideological, media-based, and other resources to assure and legitimise their authority. Simultaneously, we will see how the Cao Đài religion emerged from very unique kinds of “redemptive societies,” combining both Western and Eastern esotericism to articulate new Asian expressions of orthodoxy, universal values, and cosmopolitanism.

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Section: Some Occultist Editors-in-chiefmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Setting the Scene: Cao đàI Multi-polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Printing Cosmopolitanism, Challenging Orthodoxies: Cao Đài Journals in Twentieth Century Vietnam

Jammes¹

2018

Vienna Journal of East Asian Studies

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“…Subsequently, Caodaism as a religion did not have a single impact on the process of decolonization but included people on many contrasted political sides and practices. Regarding the various factions during wartime situation, for instance, see Jammes (2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cao Đài Deathscape: Reimagining Death, Funerals, and Salvation in Contemporary Vietnam

Jammes

Shuai²

2020

Religions

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This article sheds light on the sophisticated funeral process set up by the Cao Đài religion (or Caodaism), combining both a theological and an ethnographical analysis. After introducing how Cao Đài theology represents both the body and the spiritual components of each individual in the specific millenarian conception of existence that characterizes Cao Đài, we trace the ritual process of funerals from the altar and coffin preparation to the collection of prayers and talismanic rituals conveyed to save souls in a Cao Đài manner. Read together, these sources present a genuine project and spirit of reform in the ideas, imaginaries, and practices related to death in Vietnam from the 1920s onwards, crystallizing a specific Cao Đài identity in Vietnamese and also East Asian redemptive societies’ deathscapes.

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Caodaism in Times of War: Spirits of Struggle and Struggle of Spirits

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Printing Cosmopolitanism, Challenging Orthodoxies: Cao Đài Journals in Twentieth Century Vietnam

Printing Cosmopolitanism, Challenging Orthodoxies: Cao Đài Journals in Twentieth Century Vietnam

The Cao Đài Deathscape: Reimagining Death, Funerals, and Salvation in Contemporary Vietnam

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