Caodaism and its global networks: An Ethnological Analysis of a Vietnamese Religious Movement in Vietnam and abroad

An internationalized religion: caodaism's communication strategies and syncretic practices

“…Indeed, in an effort to propagate the religion, Caodai dignitaries and adepts came up with two main sources of unification: Caodai sacred texts and rituals. The former are mainly formed through séance sessions and put together in a compilation of Divine messages that reveal a hidden side of Caodaism (Jammes, 2009). The central rituals have been maintained as basic patterns in those séances since the 1920s (Oliver, 1976).…”

“…These efforts increased after 1975, including the formation of one of the Cao Dai Overseas Missionary. This is a "means of expression, gaining recognition, channeling resources, legitimizing conflicts, and as a source of identity for Caodaist communities" (Jammes, 2009). At Tay Ninh Great Temple, there is a mural showing Victor Hugo, Sun Yat Sen, and Trang Trinh signing a divine accord.…”