Cantrell syndrome

Unusual Association of Left Ventricular Diverticulum and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in an Adult

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the only report describing this association in the elderly 4 . Given the congenital nature of this disease, it is almost always diagnosed in the first years of life, and very rarely at a young age 1,2,4,5 . Our case, however, proves that the actual occurrence of CLVD might be underestimated, and it highlights the potential occurrence also in the adulthood, including the late 7th decade of life.…”

“…CLVD has been described to potentially develop anywhere in the left or right ventricles, and to be rarely localized at the level of the apex 1‐3,5,6 . However, all the three cases associated with HOCM reported by Maron had an apical component 4 .…”

“…Although traditionally classified into “muscular” type or “fibrous” type according to the histological nature of protruding tissue, the “muscular” nature is the only type unequivocally considered “congenital” in its nature 4 . Accordingly, the congenital nature of the “muscular” type CLVD explains the common association with other cardiac and extracardiac malformations 1‐4 . Of these, the association with HOCM has been described to date only in three patients, two infants and one young male 4 .…”

“…Congenital left ventricular diverticulum (CLVD) is a rare disease affecting 0.04 to 0.4% of the cardiac surgical population 1 . Although CLVD is often associated with congenital anomalies of the sternum, diaphragm, pericardium, and abdominal wall (so‐called Cantrell syndrome), it can be rarely diagnosed as an isolated malformation 2,3 . Occasionally, CLVD is associated with other congenital heart diseases 2 .…”

“…Although CLVD is often associated with congenital anomalies of the sternum, diaphragm, pericardium, and abdominal wall (so‐called Cantrell syndrome), it can be rarely diagnosed as an isolated malformation 2,3 . Occasionally, CLVD is associated with other congenital heart diseases 2 . Of these, the association with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) seems very rare, having been reported in only three cases 4 .…”