Canopy-Dynamics in Beech Forests

Peters, Rob

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8794-5_7

Cited by 27 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…The degree of dominance was slightly higher at the La Mojonera site than in the other two forests analyzed, as also noted previously by Godínez-Ibarra et al (2007). In the lower forest layers, the species with highest RIV at all three sites was Magnolia schiedeana, which could be considered as a feature or distinctive characteristic of Mexican beech forests (Peters 1997, Williams-Linera et al 2000, Alcántara & Luna-Vega 2001, Williams-Linera et al 2003, Godínez-Ibarra et al 2007.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The usefulness of management strategies of this type has been demonstrated in temperate forests (including Fagus spp.) in various regions around the world (Peters 1997, Grau et al 2010, von Oheimb et al 2007.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seedlings and saplings of Fagus species of Asia, the Americas and Europe (Peters 1995, 1997, Petritan et al 2009, Packham et al 2012, Hukusima et al 2013) grow slowly and can be part of the understory, living under low light levels, for long periods of time (decades) (suppression period), but grow quickly (release period) when gaps form in the canopy (Williams-Linera et al 2000, Williams-Linera et al 2003, Busby et al 2009, Bradshaw et al 2010, Boyce 2012. Consistent with this observation, in the present study we found that Fagus undergoes regeneration in small naturally-occurring gaps; however, at the El Gosco site, the largest increases in biomass (height and diameter) (Delgado et al 2005) could be related to the opening up of large spaces (Rodríguez-Ramirez et al 2013, personal observation) and other sources of disturbance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the results of several local level studies in Mexico (Peters 1995, Peters 1997Williams-Linera et al 2003, Godínez-Ibarra et al 2007, Montiel-Oscura 2011 and in various regions of Canada and the United States (Peters 1997, Hoagland 2006, it is common to find species of Befaria, Magnolia, Ostrya, Podocarpus, Quercus and Turpinia in the canopy of pristine Fagus grandifolia forests. It has been suggested that beech forests anywhere in the world (North America, Asia and Europe) where a Fagus species completely dominates the canopy are the product of a high intensity or frequency of disturbance, whether natural or anthropic (Peters 1997, Waltert et al 2002, Busby 2008, Bradshaw et al 2010, Hukusima et al 2013, Jardel-Peláez et al 2014.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our knowledge of the beech forests of Mexico is much more sparse (Peters 1997, Williams-Linera et al 2003, Hoagland 2006, Busby et al 2009). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population structure of Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana in the cloud forest of Hidalgo State, Mexico

Ortiz-Quijano¹,

Sánchez–González²,

López–Mata³

et al. 2016

Bot. Sci.

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The highest densities and largest areas of Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana in Mexico grow in the cloud forest of the state of Hidalgo. Although this taxon is endangered, there is little information about its population structure. This study provides data on the structure of heights, diameters and ages of Fagus in three populations in Hidalgo. Additionally, information was obtained on the structure of the beech forests, whose canopy is dominated by Fagus. At each locality, three to five 400 m 2 sample plots, depending on the size of the respective forest, were randomly selected. Within each plot, density and basal area of each species of tree and shrub with diameter greater than 2.5 cm (1.30 m) were estimated. At the species level, populations are dynamic, with a high percentage of young individuals; however, at one of the localities, changes have occurred in the last decade due to anthropogenic activity, and the structure of sizes and diameters in the youngest age categories has changed. Diameter was a good indicator of the age of the trees. At the community level, the dominance of Fagus and other species differed between localities, which is probably related to the degree of disturbance. Population and community structure are related and could be considered as indicators of changes in environmental conditions in the recent past and today. Key words: Age structure, cloud forest, diameter classes, dendrochronology, Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana Estructura poblacional de Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana en el bosque mesó-filo de montaña del estado de Hidalgo, México Resumen Las poblaciones de Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana con mayor densidad de individuos y con mayor extensión territorial de México se desarrollan en el bosque mesófilo de montaña del estado de Hidalgo; dado que este taxón se considera en riesgo de extinción, el objetivo del presente estudio fue aportar datos sobre su estructura de alturas, diámetros y edades en tres poblaciones de Hidalgo. Adicionalmente, se obtuvo información sobre la estructura de los bosques de haya, en los que Fagus domina el dosel. En cada localidad se establecieron al azar entre 3 y 5 parcelas de muestreo de 400 m 2 cada una, dependiendo del tamaño de cada bosque. Dentro de cada parcela se estimó la densidad y área basal de cada especie de árbol y arbusto con diámetro mayor a 2.5 cm, a 1.30 m de altura. A nivel específico, las poblaciones son dinámicas, con un alto porcentaje de individuos jóvenes; sin embargo, en una de las localidades, han ocurrido cambios en la última década por actividades antropogénicas y la estructura de alturas y diámetros en las primeras categorías de edad se ha modificado; el diámetro resultó ser un buen predictor de la edad de los árboles. A nivel comunitario, la dominancia de Fagus y otras especies difirió entre localidades, lo que probablemente se relacione con el grado de perturbación. La estructura poblacional y comunitaria están relacionadas y podrían ser consideradas como indicadoras de cambios en las condiciones ambientales ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our knowledge of the beech forests of Mexico is much more sparse (Peters 1997, Williams-Linera et al 2003, Hoagland 2006, Busby et al 2009). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population structure of Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana in the cloud forest of Hidalgo State, Mexico

Ortiz-Quijano¹,

Sánchez–González²,

López–Mata³

et al. 2016

Bot. Sci.

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The effect of climate change on Arcto‐Tertiary Mexican beech forests: Exploring their past, present, and future distribution

Ames-Martínez

Luna‐Vega

Dieringer

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Fagus mexicana Martínez (Mexican beech) is an endangered Arcto‐Tertiary Geoflora tree species that inhabit isolated and fragmented tropical montane cloud forests in eastern Mexico. Exploring past, present, and future climate change effects on the distribution of Mexican beech involves the study of spatial ecology and temporal patterns to develop conservation plans. These are key to understanding the niche conservatism of other forest communities with similar environmental requirements. For this study, we used species distribution models by combining occurrence records, to assess the distribution patterns and changes of the past (Last Glacial Maximum), present (1981–2010), and future (2040–2070) periods under two climate scenarios (SSP 3‐7.0 & SSP 5‐8.5). Next, we determined the habitat suitability and priority conservation areas of Mexican beech as associated with topography, land cover use, distance to the nearest town, and environmental variables. By considering the distribution of Mexican beech during different periods and under different climate scenarios, our study estimated that high‐impact areas of Mexican beech forests were restricted to specific areas of the Sierra Madre Oriental that constitute refugia from the Last Glacial Maximum. Regrettably, our results exhibited that Mexican beech distribution has decreased 71.3% since the Last Glacial Maximum and this trend will for the next 50 years, migrating to specific refugia at higher altitudes. This suggests that the states of Hidalgo, Veracruz, and Puebla will preserve the habitat suitability features as ecological refugia, related to high moisture and north‐facing slopes. For isolated and difficult‐to‐access areas, the proposed methods are powerful tools for relict‐tree species, which deserve further conservation.

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The beech (Fagus L.) in western Eurasia–an actualistic approach

Denk

1998

Feddes Repertorium

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Floristic investigations in the western Eurasian area of Fagus L. were carried out to provide a basis for comparison with European Late Tertiary plant assemblages containing Fagus. Beech turned out to be part of polydominant forests in marginal regions of its range. It is of interest that Fagus occurs together with a number of evergreen species not only in the well known Tertiary relict areas of Northern Turkey and western Georgia, but also in Southwestern Europe. Coastal stands in the Georgian Colchic area with high atmospheric humidity turned but to be most significant for the actualistic approach. Small‐scale mosaic patterns of distinct vegetation units could be observed. They are caused by differences in soil drainage and fluctuating ground water levels. Such conditions are supposed to be very similar to Neogene vegetation types reflected in the fossil record. Spontaneous spreading of exotic plants in Georgian mixed broadleaved evergreen forests but also in southern Switzerland demonstrates the abundance of free niches in contemporaneous broadleaved forests. Climates with evenly distributed high amounts of annual precipitation and no severe winter and late frosts seem to favour such phenomena. Monodominant beech forests are derived vegetation types of the postglacial period and occur throughout the whole area of Fagus in western Eurasia.

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Canopy-Dynamics in Beech Forests

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Population structure of Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana in the cloud forest of Hidalgo State, Mexico

Population structure of Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana in the cloud forest of Hidalgo State, Mexico

The effect of climate change on Arcto‐Tertiary Mexican beech forests: Exploring their past, present, and future distribution

The beech (Fagus L.) in western Eurasia–an actualistic approach

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