Cannibalistic traits observed in rats treated with a teratogen

Schardein, James L.; Petrere, Judith A.; Hentz, D.L.; Camp, R.D.R.; Kurtz, Stanley M.

doi:10.1258/002367778780953080

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, females who give birth to deformed offspring were found more likely to consume their deformed offspring or dead young than their living healthy siblings [40], [41]. Schardein et al ., [41] reported that 21% of live congenitally malformed offspring were killed and consumed in contrast to only 3% of normal live offspring. Similarly among stillborn offspring, the females consumed 63% of the congenitally malformed ones but only 19% of the normal ones [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strain and hormonal differences have been shown to influence pup-killing behaviour by female mice [38], [39]. Furthermore, females who give birth to deformed offspring were found more likely to consume their deformed offspring or dead young than their living healthy siblings [40], [41]. Schardein et al ., [41] reported that 21% of live congenitally malformed offspring were killed and consumed in contrast to only 3% of normal live offspring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schardein et al ., [41] reported that 21% of live congenitally malformed offspring were killed and consumed in contrast to only 3% of normal live offspring. Similarly among stillborn offspring, the females consumed 63% of the congenitally malformed ones but only 19% of the normal ones [41]. The same stock of animals were used for this study, thus hormonal variation and/or congenital defects could be responsible for this infanticide behaviour.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Foetal Loss and Enhanced Fertility Observed in Mice Treated with Zidovudine or Nevirapine

et al. 2014

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BackgroundHealth concerns for HIV-infected persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART) have moved from morbidity to the challenges of long-term ART. We investigated the effect of Zidovudine or Nevirapine on reproductive capacity across two mouse generations.MethodsA prospective mouse study with drugs administered through one spermatogenic cycle. Mouse groups (16 males and 10 females) were given Zidovudine or Nevirapine for 56 days. Males were mated to untreated virgin females to determine dominant lethal effects. Twenty females (10 treated and 10 untreated) mated with the treated males per dose and gave birth to the F1 generation. Parental mice were withdrawn from drugs for one spermatogenic cycle and mated to the same dams to ascertain if effects are reversible. The F1 generation were exposed for another 56 days and mated to produce the F2 generation.ResultsFoetal loss was indicated in the dominant lethal assay as early as four weeks into drug administration to the males. At the first mating of the parental generation to produce the F1 generation, births from 10 dams/dose when the ‘father-only’ was exposed to Zidovudine (10, 100 and 250 mg/kg) was 3, 2 and 1 while it was 7, 1 and 4 respectively when ‘both-parents’ were exposed. Similarly births from the parental generation first mating when the ‘father-only’ was exposed to Nevirapine (5, 50 and 150 mg/kg) was 2, 2 and 0 while it was 6, 5 and 9 respectively when ‘both-parents’ were exposed. However, fertility was not significantly different neither by dose nor by the parental exposure. The F1 mice mated to produce the F2 generation recorded only one birth.ConclusionThe dominant lethal analysis showed foetal loss occurred when the “fathers-only” were treated while fertility was enhanced when “both-parents” were on therapy at the time of mating.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Foetal Loss and Enhanced Fertility Observed in Mice Treated with Zidovudine or Nevirapine

et al. 2014

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“…The litter size, however, was within the reference range given by the Møllegaard breeding centre (average number of total offspring: 9–11). It is known that malformed or non‐viable pups, induced by teratogen treatment of the rat mother, are cannibalized shortly after birth (Schardein et al ., 1978). Gross abnormalities were not detected among our surviving DES pups, but might still have been present in those which were subject to infanticide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Reproductive function in male rats after brief in utero exposure to diethylstilboestrol

et al. 2000

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Long-term effects of brief in utero exposure to diethylstilboestrol (DES) during a foetal period known to be critical for gonadal development were evaluated. Rats were exposed to DES (100 microg/kg body-weight) from day 17 to 19 of pregnancy. All of the DES-treated pregnant rats (11/11) ate parts or whole of their offspring during the first day after birth (p=0.03). Surviving male offspring were examined on day 63 post-partum. DES induced a reduction in weight of the testis (p=0.06) and ventral prostate (p=0.07), even after this short exposure. DES tended to reduce the number of Sertoli cells (p=0.13). Our findings indicate that even a short in utero exposure of rats to DES during a critical period for gonadal development results in cannibalism and reduced testis and ventral prostate weight.

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“…Exposure of laboratory rats to environmental stresses, including teratogen (6-aminonicotinamide) and aflatoxin was found to increase cannibalism in these animals (Schardein et al, 1978;Shankarmurti et al, 1972). Exposure of laboratory rats to environmental stresses, including teratogen (6-aminonicotinamide) and aflatoxin was found to increase cannibalism in these animals (Schardein et al, 1978;Shankarmurti et al, 1972).…”

Section: Environmental Aspects Of Zoonotic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Aspects of Zoonotic Diseases

Armon¹

2012

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Cannibalistic traits observed in rats treated with a teratogen

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Foetal Loss and Enhanced Fertility Observed in Mice Treated with Zidovudine or Nevirapine

Foetal Loss and Enhanced Fertility Observed in Mice Treated with Zidovudine or Nevirapine

Reproductive function in male rats after brief in utero exposure to diethylstilboestrol

Environmental Aspects of Zoonotic Diseases

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