Cannabis Use, Medication Management and Adherence Among Persons Living with HIV

Vidot, Denise C.; Lerner, Brenda; González, Raúl

doi:10.1007/s10461-017-1782-x

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(44 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Cannabis use for both medical and recreational purposes is frequently reported in persons living with HIV (PLWH) (1–3). Both natural and synthetic forms of Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9 -THC) have been demonstrated to stimulate appetite, increase body weight, ameliorate adverse effects of combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART), and collectively improve the overall well-being of HIV-infected individuals (1–3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid Attenuation of Intestinal Inflammation in Chronic SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques Involves T Cell Modulation and Differential Expression of Micro-RNAs and Pro-inflammatory Genes

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cannabis use is frequent in HIV-infected individuals for its appetite stimulation and anti-inflammatory effects. To identify the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with these effects, we simultaneously profiled micro-RNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression in the colon of chronically simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques administered either vehicle (VEH/SIV; n = 9) or Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9 -THC; THC/SIV; n = 8). Pro-inflammatory miR-130a, miR-222, and miR-29b, lipopolysaccharide-responsive miR-146b-5p and SIV-induced miR-190b were significantly upregulated in VEH/SIV rhesus macaques. Compared to VEH/SIV rhesus macaques, 10 miRNAs were significantly upregulated in THC/SIV rhesus macaques, among which miR-204 was confirmed to directly target MMP8, an extracellular matrix-degrading collagenase that was significantly downregulated in THC/SIV rhesus macaques. Moreover, THC/SIV rhesus macaques failed to upregulate pro-inflammatory miR-21, miR-141 and miR-222, and alpha/beta-defensins, suggesting attenuated intestinal inflammation. Further, THC/SIV rhesus macaques showed higher expression of tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-3), anti-inflammatory MUC13 , keratin-8 (stress protection), PROM1 (epithelial proliferation), and anti-HIV CCL5 . Gomori one-step trichrome staining detected significant collagen deposition (fibrosis) in the paracortex and B cell follicular zones of axillary lymph nodes from all VEH/SIV but not in THC/SIV rhesus macaques, thus demonstrating the ability of Δ 9 -THC to prevent lymph node fibrosis, a serious irreversible consequence of HIV induced chronic inflammation. Furthermore, using flow cytometry, we showed that Δ 9 -THC suppressed intestinal T cell proliferation/activation (Ki67/HLA-DR) and PD-1 expression and increased the percentages of anti-inflammatory CD163 + macrophages. Finally, while Δ 9 -THC did not affect the levels of CD4 + T cells, it significantly reduced absolute CD8 + T cell numbers in peripheral blood at 14 and 150 days post-SIV infection. These translational findings strongly support a role for differential miRNA/gene induction and T cell activation in Δ 9 -THC-mediated suppression of intestinal inflammation in HIV/SIV and potentially other chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestine.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid Attenuation of Intestinal Inflammation in Chronic SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques Involves T Cell Modulation and Differential Expression of Micro-RNAs and Pro-inflammatory Genes

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another study of primarily behaviorally infected, majority Black youth found no association between moderate/heavy marijuana use and adherence [31]. Further, neither 9-carboxy-THC in urine nor past 30-day, past year, and lifetime marijuana use was associated with medication management [32]. In a large study of HIV-infected women, general substance use was associated with 61% higher prevalence of suboptimal (0.95%) adherence, after adjusting for calendar year, age, race, employment, depressive symptoms, CD4+ cell count, detectable HIV viral load, and enrollment cohort (aPR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.24–2.09); however, marijuana use alone was not associated with suboptimal adherence after controlling for the aforementioned factors [33].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Marijuana Use and HIV Continuum of Care Outcomes: a Systematic Review

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of Review Approximately 77% of HIV-infected adults report lifetime marijuana use. Given the high rates and social acceptability of marijuana use among HIV-infected individuals, it is important to gain a stronger understanding of if, and how, marijuana impacts HIV care cascade outcomes. The purpose of this study is to systematically review recent articles that assess the relationship between marijuana use and HIV continuum of care outcomes. Recent Findings One hundred and ninety articles from PubMed were considered for inclusion, and 15 were included in the review. The studies focus on marijuana use among HIV-infected individuals aware of their serostatus (k = 4), individuals engaged in treatment (k = 1), marijuana use in association with adherence to antiretroviral medications (k = 6), and marijuana use in relation to multiple stages of the HIV care cascade (k = 4). Preliminary findings from the small number of studies revealed an association between marijuana use, especially current heavy use, and HIV seropositivity. However, results from studies assessing marijuana use and treatment engagement and adherence to antiretroviral medications were inconsistent and inconclusive. Summary Additional research is needed to assess the nuanced relationship between marijuana use and HIV continuum of care outcomes, especially among subgroups of HIV-infected individuals, such as men who have sex with men and young adults.

show abstract

“…Some studies have produced concerning findings, while other studies are more equivocal. For example, with regard to PLWH, studies suggest that marijuana use may be associated with suboptimal HIV primary care visit adherence 32 and cognitive impairment 33 , but not with antiretroviral adherence, virologic suppression, or mortality [34][35][36] . Non-HIV-related harms of marijuana use include impaired driving, hyperemesis syndrome, cognitive impairment, psychosis, and other mood symptoms 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marijuana Use Is Not Associated With Changes in Opioid Prescriptions or Pain Severity Among People Living With HIV and Chronic Pain

Merlin

Long

Becker

et al. 2019

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: People living with HIV (PLWH) commonly report marijuana use for chronic pain, though there is limited empirical evidence to support its use. There is hope that marijuana may reduce prescription opioid use. Our objective was to investigate whether marijuana use among PLWH who have chronic pain is associated with changes in pain severity and prescribed opioid use (prescribed opioid initiation and discontinuation).

show abstract

Cannabis Use, Medication Management and Adherence Among Persons Living with HIV

Cited by 27 publications

References 44 publications

Cannabinoid Attenuation of Intestinal Inflammation in Chronic SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques Involves T Cell Modulation and Differential Expression of Micro-RNAs and Pro-inflammatory Genes

Cannabinoid Attenuation of Intestinal Inflammation in Chronic SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques Involves T Cell Modulation and Differential Expression of Micro-RNAs and Pro-inflammatory Genes

The Association Between Marijuana Use and HIV Continuum of Care Outcomes: a Systematic Review

Marijuana Use Is Not Associated With Changes in Opioid Prescriptions or Pain Severity Among People Living With HIV and Chronic Pain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About