Cannabis Use and the Risk for Psychosis and Affective Disorders

Sideli, Lucia; Quigley, Harriet; Cascia, Caterina La; Murray, Robin M.

doi:10.1080/15504263.2019.1674991

Cited by 96 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…It follows that the individuals who had self-admitted themselves to a daycare center for substance use disorders to treat marijuana use should be instructed and reinforced in building-up strategies to resist marijuana use. Such strategies should include information about the negative long-term effects of marijuana [2,6,[12][13][14]33,[40][41][42], along with an explanation of the concept of self-control. Following cognitive-behavioral concepts [43], self-control is considered a specific behavior in a specific context which contains conflicting short-term and long-term outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical adverse health effects of regular and heavy marijuana use are psychiatric problems, such as depression, anxiety, suicidality, psychosis [1], and schizophrenia [12][13][14]. Marijuana use has numerous consequences, including impaired respiratory function and cardiovascular disease [6], increase in myocardial infarction, and stroke prevalence [15], along with neural connectivity impairment, and hippocampus activity reduction [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marijuana is additionally associated with increased risks of suicidal behavior and mania. With regard to depression and anxiety, the results are mixed, with some studies showing an association between marijuana and depression and anxiety [1,12,13], while other studies do not [14]. That the use of marijuana is a gateway to the use of other substances is of particular concern [6,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to Predict Patterns of Marijuana Use among Young Iranian Adults

Jalilian

Mirzaei-Alavijeh

Ahmadpanah

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: Marijuana use is increasing among adolescents and young adults. Long-term marijuana use magnifies the risk of a wide variety of behavioral, cognitive-emotional, and neurological problems, and can be a gateway to use of other drugs. In the present study, we investigated the cognitive-emotional and behavioral predictors of marijuana use. To this end, young Iranian adults answered questions based on an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and related it to marijuana use. We hypothesized that cognitive-emotional and behavioral factors would predict intention to use marijuana, and that this, in turn, would predict actual consumption. Methods: A total of 166 young Iranian adults (mean age: 20.51 years; 15.7% females) attending a walk-in center for drug use took part in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed questionnaires covering sociodemographic information, frequency of marijuana use per week, along with questionnaires assessing the following dimensions of the TPB: attitude towards marijuana use, subjective norms, self-efficacy to resist marijuana use, environmental constraints, problem-solving skills, and behavioral intention for marijuana use. Results: Mean marijuana use was found to be 4.6 times/week. Attitude towards marijuana use, subjective norms, environmental constraints, and behavioral intention to use marijuana were positively correlated to each other and with marijuana use/week. In contrast, higher self-efficacy and problem-solving skills were associated with lower marijuana use/week. The multiple regression analysis showed that a positive attitude to marijuana use, lower self-efficacy in resisting its use, higher behavioral intention, and poorer problem-solving skills predicted actual use. Conclusion: The pattern of results suggests that dimensions of TPB can explain marijuana use among young Iranian adults self-admitted to a walk-in center for drug use. Specifically, poor problem-solving skills, low self-efficacy in resisting marijuana use, and positive labelling of its use appeared to be the best predictors of actual use. It follows that prevention programs aimed at improving problem-solving skills and raising self-efficacy, along with educational interventions aimed at highlighting the negative effects of marijuana might decrease the risk of its use among young adults in Iran.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to Predict Patterns of Marijuana Use among Young Iranian Adults

Jalilian

Mirzaei-Alavijeh

Ahmadpanah

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…It has also been shown that cannabis users are significantly more predisposed to developing psychosis compared to non-cannabis users [12]. The effect of cannabis on the emergence of psychosis is dependent on the age at onset of use, degree of use, the use of very potent varieties and genetic predispositions [1,13,14]. Individuals who use cannabis early, those who consume greater amounts over time and those who use the more concentrated varieties have higher risks of psychosis [1,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of cannabis on the emergence of psychosis is dependent on the age at onset of use, degree of use, the use of very potent varieties and genetic predispositions [1,13,14]. Individuals who use cannabis early, those who consume greater amounts over time and those who use the more concentrated varieties have higher risks of psychosis [1,13,14]. Genetically, carriers of specific variants of the AKT1 and COMT genes who use cannabis are at higher risks of developing schizophrenia [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Use in Inpatients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders at a Community Hospital

et al. 2020

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Background: Cannabis is the second most used recreational drug in the United States and one of the most used substances in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). Unfortunately, the increased use is likely to continue as more states legalize recreational use of cannabis. Although the association between cannabis and schizophrenia has been studied extensively, the understanding of the relationship is still evolving. In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence and potential factors associated with cannabis use (CU) among inpatients with SSD at a community teaching hospital. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the electronic medical charts of patients discharged from the psychiatric unit of our hospital from July 1, 2017 through October 31, 2017. Patients were included in this study if: 1) They were ≥ 18 years old; 2) They had discharge diagnosis of SSD; and 3) They had urine drug testing performed. Pertinent sociodemographic and clinical variables, including substance use status and hospital length of stay (LOS), were abstracted. Univariate frequencies and summary statistics were performed. Odds ratios (ORs) were determined by logistic regression analysis of bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Three hundred sixty-five (52.2%) patients had a discharge diagnosis of SSD, and only 322 had urine toxicology result for cannabinoids and were included in analysis. Of the 322 patients, 41.5% (n = 133) screened positive for cannabinoids. Of the 133 patients, 78% were African American, 15% were Hispanic and 5% were White; 77% were male and the median age was 36 years. Bivariate analyses showed tobacco use (OR: 2.8, 95% confidence interval (

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Association of Cannabis Use With Self-harm and Mortality Risk Among Youths With Mood Disorders

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCE Cannabis use and cannabis use disorder (CUD) are common among youths and young adults with mood disorders, but the association of CUD with self-harm, suicide, and overall mortality risk is poorly understood in this already vulnerable population.OBJECTIVE To examine associations of CUD with self-harm, suicide, and overall mortality risk in youths with mood disorders. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA population-based retrospective cohort study was performed using Ohio Medicaid claims data linked with death certificate data. The analysis included 204 780 youths (aged 10-24 years) with a diagnosis of mood disorders between July 1, 2010, and December 31, 2017, who were followed up to 365 days from the index diagnostic claim until the end of enrollment, the self-harm event, or death. Statistical analysis was performed from April 4 to July 17, 2020. EXPOSURE Physician-diagnosed CUD defined using outpatient and inpatient claims from 180 days prior to the index mood disorder diagnostic claim through the 365-day follow-up period.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Nonfatal self-harm, all-cause mortality, and deaths by suicide, unintentional overdose, motor vehicle crashes, and homicide. Marginal structural models using inverse probability weights examined associations between CUD and outcomes. RESULTSThis study included 204 780 youths (133 081 female participants [65.0%]; mean [SD] age at the time of mood disorder diagnosis, 17.2 [4.10] years). Cannabis use disorder was documented for 10.3% of youths with mood disorders (n = 21 040) and was significantly associated with older age (14-18 years vs 10-13 years: adjusted risk ratio [

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Cannabis Use and the Risk for Psychosis and Affective Disorders

Cited by 96 publications

References 171 publications

Extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to Predict Patterns of Marijuana Use among Young Iranian Adults

Extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to Predict Patterns of Marijuana Use among Young Iranian Adults

Cannabis Use in Inpatients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders at a Community Hospital

Association of Cannabis Use With Self-harm and Mortality Risk Among Youths With Mood Disorders

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