Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa’s pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence

Lim, Xin Yi; Tan, Terence Yew Chin; Rosli, Siti Hajar Muhd; Saat, Muhammad Nor Farhan; Ali, Syazwani Sirdar; Mohamed, Ami Fazlin Syed

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245471

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…In addition, plant-derived NVs in which natural phenolic compounds are packaged [ 38 , 39 ] have been shown to have higher stability than vesicles produced by “unnatural” loading of biological components. Cannabis sativa L. and its bioactive components have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, epilepsy, brain, and skin health effects [ 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Markedly, oral administration grape NVs protect mice from DSS-induced colitis, and edible plant-derived NVs could be used as therapeutic agents [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemp-Derived Nanovesicles Protect Leaky Gut and Liver Injury in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis

Eom

Choi

Kim

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is used for medicinal purposes owing to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. We evaluated the protective effect of nanovesicles isolated from hemp plant parts (root, seed, hemp sprout, and leaf) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. The particle sizes of root-derived nanovesicles (RNVs), seed-derived nanovesicles (SNVs), hemp sprout-derived nanovesicles (HSNVs), and leaf-derived nanovesicles (LNVs) were within the range of 100–200 nm as measured by nanoparticle tracking analysis. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/N mice by 5% DSS in water provided for 7 days. RNVs were administered orally once a day, leading to the recovery of both the small intestine and colon lengths. RNVs, SNVs, and HSNVs restored the tight (ZO-1, claudin-4, occludin) and adherent junctions (E-cadherin and α-tubulin) in DSS-induced small intestine and colon injury. Additionally, RNVs markedly reduced NF-κB activation and oxidative stress proteins in DSS-induced small intestine and colon injury. Tight junction protein expression and epithelial cell permeability were elevated in RNV-, SNV-, and HSNV-treated T84 colon cells exposed to 2% DSS. Interestedly, RNVs, SNVs, HSNVs, and LNVs reduced ALT activity and liver regeneration marker proteins in DSS-induced liver injury. These results showed for the first time that hemp-derived nanovesicles (HNVs) exhibited a protective effect on DSS-induced gut leaky and liver injury through the gut–liver axis by inhibiting oxidative stress marker proteins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemp-Derived Nanovesicles Protect Leaky Gut and Liver Injury in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis

Eom

Choi

Kim

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…For example, Cannabis oil can be further fractionated into distillate and a residue by molecular distillation, also known as “short-path” distillation. Molecular distillation is used to separate and purify heat-sensitive compounds and high-molecular-weight compounds and is identified as a “safe method” [ 92 , 93 , 94 ].…”

Section: Current Status Of Cannabis Extraction Tec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Extraction Technologies: Impact of Research and Value Addition in Latin America

et al. 2023

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The Cannabis genus of plants has been widely used in different cultures for various purposes. It is separated into three main species: sativa, indica, and ruderalis. In ancient practices, the plant was used as a multipurpose crop and valued for its fiber, food, and medicinal uses. Since methodologies for the extraction, processing, and identification of components have become available, medical, and food applications have been increasing, allowing potential development in the pharmaceutical and healthy functional food industries. Although the growing legalization and adoption of cannabis for the treatment of diseases are key factors pushing the growth of its market, the biggest challenge is to obtain higher-quality products in a time- and cost-effective fashion, making the process of extraction and separation an essential step. Latin American countries exhibit great knowledge of extraction technologies; nevertheless, it is still necessary to verify whether production costs are economically profitable. In addition, there has been an increase in commercial cannabis products that may or may not be allowed, with or without quality fact sheets, which can pose health risks. Hence, legalization is mandatory and urgent for the rest of Latin American countries. In this article, the phytochemical compounds (cannabinoids, terpenes, and phenolic compounds), the current status of legalization, extraction techniques, and research advances in cannabis in Latin America are reviewed.

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“…system, numerous other pharmacological activities are now known, including the modulation of various receptors and the influencing of ion channels as well as influences on enzymes and their gene regulation [5]. The main cannabinoids are accumulated in the plant as pharmacologically non-active carboxylic acids (e.g.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Requirements for Medicinal Cannabis and Respective Products in the European Union – Status Quo

Veit¹

2022

Planta Med

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Medicinal cannabis and respective products have been available in EU member states as single-patient prescriptions without regular marketing authorisations for a couple of years. The Netherlands were the first member state to realise this, in the meantime other member states have followed. Today, beside the Netherlands, Germany is the most important market for such products. The regulatory framework for the approval of medicinal cannabis and its distribution to patients in the EU member states is, however, not harmonised at all and there are distinct national regulations. Regarding the quality of such products, the general requirements for herbal medicinal products as defined in the European Pharmacopoeia, national pharmacopoeias and the EMA guidance documents in place beside GMP requirements in the EU are applicable. However, for a couple of aspects every EU member state follows its own interpretation of these requirements. To facilitate free distribution of such products between EU member states in future and to harmonise requirements for quality and GMP, an EU-wide approach is needed. As a first step this should be realised by implementing monographs for cannabis medicinal products in the European Pharmacopoeia.

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Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa’s pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence

Cited by 18 publications

References 95 publications

Hemp-Derived Nanovesicles Protect Leaky Gut and Liver Injury in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis

Hemp-Derived Nanovesicles Protect Leaky Gut and Liver Injury in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis

Cannabis Extraction Technologies: Impact of Research and Value Addition in Latin America

Quality Requirements for Medicinal Cannabis and Respective Products in the European Union – Status Quo

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