Cannabinoids in liver diseases

Patsenker, E.; Stickel, Felix

doi:10.1002/cld.527

Cited by 30 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It has also been hypothesized that CB1 upregulation increases lipogenic gene expression, activates lipoprotein lipase in adipose tissue, and decreases secretion of triglyceride-rich very-low-density lipoprotein [ 21 ]. The exocannabinoids, which are major components of cannabis, that have been studied include tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), and cannabidiol (CBD) [ 24 , 25 ]. THC particularly acts on CB1, CB2, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 1, and the G-protein-coupled receptors GPR56 and GPR11 [ 24 ].…”

Section: The Mechanistic Role Of the Endocannabinoid System In Nafmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exocannabinoids, which are major components of cannabis, that have been studied include tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), and cannabidiol (CBD) [ 24 , 25 ]. THC particularly acts on CB1, CB2, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 1, and the G-protein-coupled receptors GPR56 and GPR11 [ 24 ]. Recent literature suggests that THC increases AEA and 2-AG in hepatocytes by competing with them in binding to fatty acid binding protein-1, making them less available for degradation and hydrolysis [ 26 ].…”

Section: The Mechanistic Role Of the Endocannabinoid System In Nafmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The agonism and antagonism/deficiency of CB2 has been excluded due to conflicting findings regarding its role in NAFLD. Exocannabinoids (i.e., THC, THCV, CBD), in addition to endocannabinoids, can mediate effects via cannabinoid receptors as aforementioned [ 24 , 25 ]. Some studies suggest that CBD and THCV improve insulin resistance and reduce accumulated lipid levels in a model of hepatosteatosis, suggesting potential therapeutic effects in NAFLD [ 25 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Potential For the Endocannabinoid System In Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanistic Potential and Therapeutic Implications of Cannabinoids in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Dibba

Cholankeril

et al. 2018

Medicines

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is comprised of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It is defined by histologic or radiographic evidence of steatosis in the absence of alternative etiologies, including significant alcohol consumption, steatogenic medication use, or hereditary disorders. NAFLD is now the most common liver disease, and when NASH is present it can progress to fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Different mechanisms have been identified as contributors to the physiology of NAFLD; insulin resistance and related metabolic derangements have been the hallmark of physiology associated with NAFLD. The mainstay of treatment has classically involved lifestyle modifications focused on the reduction of insulin resistance. However, emerging evidence suggests that the endocannabinoid system and its associated cannabinoid receptors and ligands have mechanistic and therapeutic implications in metabolic derangements and specifically in NAFLD. Cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonism has demonstrated promising effects with increased resistance to hepatic steatosis, reversal of hepatic steatosis, and improvements in glycemic control, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Literature regarding the role of cannabinoid receptor 2 in NAFLD is controversial. Exocannabinoids and endocannabinoids have demonstrated some therapeutic impact on metabolic derangements associated with NAFLD, although literature regarding direct therapeutic use in NAFLD is limited. Nonetheless, the properties of the endocannabinoid system, its receptors, substrates, and ligands remain a significant arena warranting further research, with potential for a pharmacologic intervention for a disease with an anticipated increase in economic and clinical burden.

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Section: The Mechanistic Role Of the Endocannabinoid System In Nafmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Mechanistic Role Of the Endocannabinoid System In Nafmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Therapeutic Potential For the Endocannabinoid System In Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanistic Potential and Therapeutic Implications of Cannabinoids in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Dibba

Cholankeril

et al. 2018

Medicines

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“…11 Up-regulation of cannabinoid receptor 1 in HSCs during chronic liver damages resulting in ever-growing liver fibrogenesis has been highlighted in a number of studies. 56,57 Both NOX1 and NOX4 are inducers of cannabinoid receptor 1 in HSCs. 56 On the other hand, HSC up-regulation of CB2 in these chronic liver injuries is in favor of fibrosis retardation.…”

Section: (5) Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…56 On the other hand, HSC up-regulation of CB2 in these chronic liver injuries is in favor of fibrosis retardation. 57,58 P47 phox and Rac1 has been yet to identify as functional active components of NOX in HSCs. 16 8.1 | p47 phox P47 phox also called neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 22 exerts a key role for the NOX activity in HSCs.…”

Section: (5) Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%