Abbreviations: CHO cells, Chinese hamster ovary cells; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; M/C, membrane:cytoplasm; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; SR, the CB 1 receptor-selective antagonist/inverse agonist SR141716A; WIN, the cannabinoid agonist WIN55212-2; zfCB1, zebra finch CB 1 cannabinoid receptorRecent findings indicate that cannabinoid-altered vocal development involves elevated densities of dendritic spines in a subset of brain regions involved in zebra finch song learning and production suggesting that cannabinoid receptor activation may regulate cell structure. Here we report that activation of zebra finch CB 1 receptors (zfCB 1 , delivered by a lentivector to CHO cells) produces dose-dependent biphasic effects on the mean length of filopodia expressed: Low agonist concentrations (3 nM WIN55212-2) increase lengths while higher concentrations reduce them. In contrast, treatment of zfCB 1 -expressing cells with the antagonist/inverse agonist SR141716A causes increases in both mean filopodia length and number at 30 and 100 nM. These results demonstrate that CB 1 receptor activation can differentially influence filiopodia elongation depending on dose, and demonstrate that manipulation of cannabinoid receptor activity is capable of modulating cell morphology.