Cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent, as an anxiolytic drug

Schier, Alexandre Rafael de Mello; Ribeiro, Natalia Pinho de Oliveira; Silva, Adriana Cardoso de Oliveira e; Hallak, Jaime Eduardo Cecílio; Crippa, José Alexandre de Souza; Nardi, Antônio Egídio; Zuardi, Antônio Waldo

doi:10.1590/s1516-44462012000500008

Cited by 65 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Current research is looking at such anxiety disorders as social anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorders, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (69, 70). …”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Marijuana: Current Concepts†

Greydanus¹,

Hawver²,

Greydanus³

et al. 2013

Front. Public Health

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Marijuana (cannabis) remains a controversial drug in the twenty-first century. This paper considers current research on use of Cannabis sativa and its constituents such as the cannabinoids. Topics reviewed include prevalence of cannabis (pot) use, other drugs consumed with pot, the endocannabinoid system, use of medicinal marijuana, medical adverse effects of cannabis, and psychiatric adverse effects of cannabis use. Treatment of cannabis withdrawal and dependence is difficult and remains mainly based on psychological therapy; current research on pharmacologic management of problems related to cannabis consumption is also considered. The potential role of specific cannabinoids for medical benefit will be revealed as the twenty-first century matures. However, potential dangerous adverse effects from smoking marijuana are well known and should be clearly taught to a public that is often confused by a media-driven, though false message and promise of benign pot consumption.

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“…Current research is looking at such anxiety disorders as social anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorders, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (69, 70). …”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Marijuana: Current Concepts†

Greydanus¹,

Hawver²,

Greydanus³

et al. 2013

Front. Public Health

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“…Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the most abundant cannabinoids in the marijuana plant (Mechoulam & Shvo, 1963; Mechoulam & Hanuš, 2002; Schier et al, 2012). It is a promising candidate for clinical utilization, due to low affinity binding to CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and no cognitive and psychoactive activity (Zuardi, 2008; Deiana, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol changes P-gp and BCRP expression in trophoblast cell lines

Feinshtein

Erez

Ben‐Zvi

et al. 2013

PeerJ

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Objectives. Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug during pregnancy. Due to high lipophilicity, cannabinoids can easily penetrate physiological barriers like the human placenta and jeopardize the developing fetus. We evaluated the impact of cannabidiol (CBD), a major non-psychoactive cannabinoid, on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) expression, and P-gp function in a placental model, BeWo and Jar choriocarcinoma cell lines (using P-gp induced MCF7 cells (MCF7/P-gp) for comparison).Study design. Following the establishment of the basal expression of these transporters in the membrane fraction of all three cell lines, P-gp and BCRP protein and mRNA levels were determined following chronic (24–72 h) exposure to CBD, by Western Blot and qPCR. CBD impact on P-gp efflux function was examined by uptake of specific P-gp fluorescent substrates (calcein-AM, DiOC2(3) and rhodamine123(rh123)). Cyclosporine A (CsA) served as a positive control.Results. Chronic exposure to CBD resulted in significant changes in the protein and mRNA levels of both transporters. While P-gp was down-regulated, BCRP levels were up-regulated in the choriocarcinoma cell lines. CBD had a remarkably different influence on P-gp and BCRP expression in MCF7/P-gp cells, demonstrating that these are cell type specific effects. P-gp dependent efflux (of calcein, DiOC2(3) and rh123) was inhibited upon short-term exposure to CBD.Conclusions. Our study shows that CBD might alter P-gp and BCRP expression in the human placenta, and inhibit P-gp efflux function. We conclude that marijuana use during pregnancy may reduce placental protective functions and change its morphological and physiological characteristics.

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“…In sum, existing research seems to undermine Schier's et al (2012) suggestion regarding the lack of a relationship between CBD and cognition. Rather, it seems that both cognitive and affective consequences of CBD administration may be mediated by the ACC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The therapeutic value of CBD in clinical contexts is currently being explored (Zuardi et al, 2006, 2009; Hallak et al, 2009). Moreover, in a recent review Schier et al (2012) suggested that CBD neither produces psychoactive effects, nor has an impact on cognition. In the light of up-to-date research, this claim may be considered unwarranted, since CBD has been shown to differ with THC in terms of activation of brain regions during tasks involving response inhibition (Borgwardt et al, 2008), emotional processing (Fusar-Poli et al, 2009) and verbal memory (Bhattacharyya et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%