Canine Visceral Leishmaniosis in Anastácio, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

Abstract

Canine visceral leishmaniosis (CVL) may be an important factor preceding human outbreaks of the disease. We report that the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniosis infection has been increasing in recent years in Anastácio town, located in the central western region of Brazil. Serological investigations showed that 75.3% of dogs presented antibody titres ranging from 1/40 to 1/160 in the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). Bone marrow and lymph node aspirates provided positive cultures and furnished parasites for enzymological and serological typing in 42.5% and 41.1% of the cases, respectively. All the strains were typed as Leishmania (L.) chagasi. This is primarily a canine disease that spills over into the human population as a zoonosis. The study showed the epidemiological features of the infection in a region in which the problem of visceral leishmaniosis has been underestimated.

Seroprevalence and risk factors for canine visceral leishmaniasis in the endemic area of Dias D'Ávila, State of Bahia, Brazil

“…Similar results were observed when analyzing the prevalence in two groups of animals in rural and urban areas 23 . In contrast, other data showed the same prevalence in both rural and urban areas 13,24 . The variation in seroprevalence between these two areas is intrinsically linked to peridomestic/domestic environmental conditions for the development of infection.…”

“…They also occurs in other nonendemic regions when dogs from endemic areas are METHODS introduced into endemic-free areas, thereby contributing towards the urbanization of the disease 3,[12][13][14] . Thus, epidemiological investigations may be necessary in order to monitor endemics and to implement strategies for their epidemiological control.…”

Rural area of the Brazilian Pantanal wetlands associated with the occurrence of anti-<i>Leishmania</i> spp. antibodies in dogs

“…Anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies in the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul have been reported by other researchers, with frequencies higher than that observed in this work and according to the particular characteristics of each region under study (NUNES et al, 2001;CORTADA et al, 2004;ANDRADE et al, 2009;ALMEIDA et al, 2012;SOUSA et al, 2013;BRITO et al, 2014). This may be related to the opportunist feeding behavior of the vector.…”

Cutaneous involvement in canine leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum (syn. L.chagasi)

“…17 It is similar to the Vizsla phenotype of idiopathic seba- Table 1. Frequency of the different types of cutaneous lesions in dogs with leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum overall and in dogs with leishmaniosis and skin lesions 6,7,9,10,12,17,18,24,39,41,50,90,[102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113] ceous adenitis; 12,15,24,25 however, in CanL sebaceous adenitis is regularly accompanied by additional findings that are not present in idiopathic sebaceous adenitis (granulomatous to pyogranulomatous nodular dermatitis in the interfollicular dermis), and follicular keratosis is milder and usually not accompanied by a dilated follicular infundibulum. 25 The parasite density in the lesional skin of dogs with exfoliative dermatitis is mild to moderate, and using immunohistochemistry, amastigotes were visualized in 31% of biopsies.…”