Canine pyometra: a model for the analysis of serum CXCL8 in inflammation

Abstract

Interleukin-8 (IL-8 or CXCL8) is a highly selective pro-inflammatory chemokine, that is elevated in sera of humans and animals with various inflammatory diseases. CXCL8 is possibly involved in uncontrolled inflammation and the development of a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis. Nevertheless, its behavior and precise properties in the course of inflammation are not fully understood. Thus, we used naturally occurring canine pyometra as a model of inflammation, in order to examine the behavior of serum CXCL8 in relation to the disease intensity and commonly analyzed inflammatory mediators. Using a commercially available canine ELISA kit, a significant increase of CXCL8 was determined in the serum of 23 dogs with pyometra compared with 35 healthy dogs. Interestingly, serum CXCL8 did not increase in severely diseased patients and behaved contrary to white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils and C-reactive protein (CRP). The measurement of serum CXCL8 may provide valuable information about the extent of ongoing lesions and could be a useful complement for existing laboratory tests.

Regulation of inflammatory mediator expression in bovine endometrial cells: effects of lipopolysaccharide, interleukin 1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha

“…Treatment with LPS also induced the production of inflammatory mediator IL6 above basal levels. Our findings are consistent with the published literature involving the upregulation of proinflammatory interleukins including CXCL8/IL8, IL-1a, IL-1b, and IL6 in the pathogenesis of bacterial infection (Herath et al 2009;Modat et al 1990;Turner et al 2014); an example of which is the attraction of neutrophils in response to increased CXCL8/ IL8 production which can lead to the formation of pus in the uterine lumen (Haas et al 2016). Also reported are key roles for IL-1a, IL-1b, and IL6 in the stimulation of acute phase responses as seen in animals with postpartum uterine diseases (Brodzki et al 2015;Fumuso et al 2003; Herath et al 2009).…”

“…); an example of which is the attraction of neutrophils in response to increased CXCL8/IL8 production which can lead to the formation of pus in the uterine lumen (Haas et al. ). Also reported are key roles for IL‐1 α , IL‐1 β , and IL6 in the stimulation of acute phase responses as seen in animals with postpartum uterine diseases (Brodzki et al.…”

Evaluation of the host cytokine response in dogs with sepsis and noninfectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome

“…Some dogs had already been examined and treated by their primary care veterinarian and may have received antimicrobials or other therapies prior to enrollment. There may also be species differences in the cytokine responses to specific pathogens, or the difference might reflect the distinct infectious agents or sources of sepsis involved …”

Fundamentos y Consideraciones de la Patología Endometrial Canina

“…Los signos clínicos de la enfermedad, comúnmente observados entre las 6 y 8 semanas del estro (Harvey, 1998), se asociarían directamente con la producción de toxinas e indirectamente con la liberación de mediadores de la inflamación (Faldyna et al, 2001;Haas et al, 2016). Los microorga-nismos aislados con mayor frecuencia a partir de úteros con piometra son E. coli, Streptococcus sp, Staphilococcus sp, Pseudomonas sp y Proteus sp, correspondiendo el 70 a 90% de los casos a E. coli (Dhaliwal et al, 1998; Hagman y Kühn, 2002; Agostinho et al, 2014).…”

“…En este sentido, cabe destacar que se han descrito niveles plasmáticos de IL-8 significativamente superiores en perras con piometra moderada respecto de hembras con cuadros sistémicos severos (Haas et al, 2016). Así también, ha sido sugerido que la expresión de genes de ciclooxigensa 2 (COX-2) y prostaglandina E sintetasa (PGES) durante la inflamación endometrial podrían estar implicados en la regulación del grado de abertura cervical en perras con piometra (Tamada el al., 2016).…”