Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease

Reagan, Krystle L.; Sykes, Jane E.

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2019.10.009

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…are commensal organisms that colonize the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, and their role in canine infectious respiratory disease is not clear. Moreover, Mycoplasma cynos is the only species of the genus Mycoplasma significantly associated with pneumonia in dogs but it is still also unclear if M. cynos is a primary or secondary pathogen in dogs, because it can be cultured from the lungs of dogs, both with and without other identifiable infectious agents [ 28 ]. In a European study of dogs with canine infectious respiratory disease, seroprevalence of Mycoplasma spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 by healthy and sick dogs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain

Perisé-Barrios

Tomeo-Martín

Gómez-Ochoa³

et al. 2021

Vet Res

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COVID-19 is a zoonotic disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Infections of animals with SARS-CoV-2 have recently been reported, and an increase of severe lung pathologies in domestic dogs has also been detected by veterinarians in Spain. Therefore, further descriptions of the pathological processes in those animals that show symptoms similar to those described in humans affected by COVID-19 would be highly valuable. The potential for companion animals to contribute to the continued transmission and community spread of this known human-to-human disease is an urgent issue to be considered. Forty animals with pulmonary pathologies were studied by chest X-ray, ultrasound analysis, and computed tomography. Nasopharyngeal and rectal swabs were analyzed to detect canine pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. An additional twenty healthy dogs living in SARS-CoV-2-positive households were included. Immunoglobulin detection by several immunoassays was performed. Our findings show that sick dogs presented severe alveolar or interstitial patterns with pulmonary opacity, parenchymal abnormalities, and bilateral lesions. The forty sick dogs were negative for SARS-CoV-2 but Mycoplasma spp. was detected in 26 of 33 dogs. Five healthy and one pathological dog presented IgG against SARS-CoV-2. Here we report that despite detecting dogs with α-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, we never obtained a positive RT-qPCR for SARS-SoV-2, not even in dogs with severe pulmonary disease; suggesting that even in the case of canine infection, transmission would be unlikely. Moreover, dogs living in COVID-19-positive households could have been more highly exposed to infection with SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 by healthy and sick dogs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain

Perisé-Barrios

Tomeo-Martín

Gómez-Ochoa³

et al. 2021

Vet Res

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“…Group-housed dogs exhibit a higher risk of developing clinical signs of contagious respiratory diseases, and CHV-1 is one of the possible pathogens involved, although it is not a major pathogen of the respiratory tract [9]. Kennel size, hygiene, and kennel cough have been found to be primary contributing risk factors for CHV-1 infection and disease [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Canine Herpesvirus-1 in Breeding Dogs with or Without Vaccination in Northwest Italy

Rota

Dogliero

Biosa

et al. 2020

Animals

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Canine herpesvirus-1 (CHV-1) can cause abortion and foetal and neonatal deaths in the bitch. The reactivation of latent infections with asymptomatic virus shedding represents a mechanism, whereby the virus can persist in a dog population. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of CHV-1 in a population of breeding dogs in Piedmont, Northern Italy, and to investigate the distribution of herpesvirus vaccination. The study was carried out in 370 animals that were housed in 33 breeding kennels. Antibodies against CHV-1 in serum samples were measured by means of serum neutralization. Vaccination had been performed in 21.2% of the kennels and 8.4% of the dogs. The overall seroprevalence of CHV-1 was 50.3%. In ten kennels (30.3%), no seropositive dogs were identified. The percentage of seropositive dogs ranged from 7.1% to 100% in positive kennels. More than 40% of the seropositive dogs showed high titres. Sex had no significant effect on either seroprevalence or the category of the serum titre. The number of positive animals was significantly lower in the groups of prepuberal bitches and animals younger than 1.5 years. The majority of younger animals showed very high titres, suggesting recent contact with the virus. Our data show that CHV-1 is a common infection in breeding dogs in Piedmont. Vaccination is rarely performed but might be an option, because, although many animals of breeding age already show high antibody titres, seronegative pregnant bitches will be at high risk of contracting the infection due to viral circulation in kennels where the virus is enzootic.

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“…significantly associated with pneumonia in dogs but it is still also unclear if M. cynos is a primary or secondary pathogen in dogs, because it can be cultured from the lungs of dogs, both with and without other identifiable infectious agents. 22 In a European study of dogs with canine infectious respiratory disease seroprevalence of Mycoplasma spp. levels ranging from 20•7% to 61•9%, 23 but in other study with healthy dogs mycoplasma were isolated from 78% to 93% of throat swabs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 by healthy and sick dogs during COVID-19 pandemic in Spain

Perisé-Barrios

Tomeo-Martín

Gómez-Ochoa³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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COVID-19 is a zoonotic disease originated by SARS-CoV-2. Infection of animals with SARS-CoV-2 are being reported during last months, and also an increase of severe lung pathologies in domestic dogs has been detected by veterinarians in Spain. Therefore it is necessary to describe the pathological processes in those animals that show symptoms similar to those described in humans affected by COVID-19. The potential for companion animals contributing to the continued human-to-human disease, infectivity, and community spread is an urgent issue to be considered. Forty animals with pulmonary pathologies were studied by chest X-ray, ultrasound study, and computed tomography. Nasopharyngeal and rectal swab were analyzed to detect canine pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. Twenty healthy dogs living in SARS-CoV-2 positive households were included. Immunoglobulin detection by different immunoassays was performed. Our findings show that sick dogs presented severe alveolar or interstitial pattern, with pulmonary opacity, parenchymal abnormalities, and bilateral lesions. Forty dogs were negative for SARS-CoV-2 but Mycoplasma spp. was detected in 26 of 33 dogs. Five healthy and one pathological dog presented IgG against SARS-CoV-2. Here we report that despite detecting dogs with IgG α-SARS-CoV-2, we never obtained a positive RT-qPCR, not even in dogs with severe pulmonary disease; suggesting that even in the case of a canine infection transmission would be unlikely. Moreover, dogs living in COVID-19 positive households could have been more exposed to be infected during outbreaks.

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Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease

Cited by 30 publications

References 77 publications

Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 by healthy and sick dogs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain

Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 by healthy and sick dogs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain

Seroprevalence of Canine Herpesvirus-1 in Breeding Dogs with or Without Vaccination in Northwest Italy

Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 by healthy and sick dogs during COVID-19 pandemic in Spain

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