Canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome: Prevalence, clinical signs and treatment with a neuroprotective nutraceutical

Osella, Maria Cristina; Re, G.; Odore, R.; Girardi, C.; Badino, P.; Barbero, Raffaella; Bergamasco, L.

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.11.007

Cited by 101 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…In some primates that have suffered from cognitive dysfunction, low levels of norepinephrine have also been found (Osella et al 2005). Both these catecholamines and the serotoninergic system are affected.…”

Section: Physiopathology Of Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Its prevalence has not been established in many countries of Europe or America, but a poll taken by 981 owners of dogs older than 7 years in the United Kingdom suggested that approximately one-third of the dogs showed signs of confusion, restlessness and less enjoyment of life, while 1 out of 5 showed an increase in the incidence of habitual hygiene problems (Heath et al 2007). A study conducted in Italy that included 124 geriatric dogs showed a CDS prevalence of nearly 50%, in which 75 dogs over 7 years old showed signs that correlated with the disease (Osella et al 2007). An American study included 97 bitches and 83 castrated dogs, all between the ages of 11 and 16.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Coginitive Dysfunction Syndrome In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both these catecholamines and the serotoninergic system are affected. It has been observed that the brain levels of this neurotransmitter and its metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid are low in neurodegenerative diseases (Osella et al 2005). Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is increased in old animals, so it may influence the observed decrease in levels of these neurotransmitters (Rosaldo 2006).…”

Section: Physiopathology Of Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, data concerning the global prevalence of this syndrome have not been obtained, partially due to the tendency of a great number of owners to not report the possible behavioral changes in their senile pets to the veterinarian. Additionally, many owners probably assume that these changes are untreatable aspects of age, which has most likely limited the acquisition of precise data that could help estimate the prevalence of CDS on a global level (Osella et al 2007).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Coginitive Dysfunction Syndrome In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While many studies on the prevalence of CDS have identified CDS as a common problem in old dogs (Neilson et al 2001, Osella et al 2007, Azkona et al 2009, epidemiology studies suggest that the disease is under-diagnosed in up to 85% of potentially affected animals (Salvin et al 2010). Its prevalence has not been established in many countries of Europe or America, but a poll taken by 981 owners of dogs older than 7 years in the United Kingdom suggested that approximately one-third of the dogs showed signs of confusion, restlessness and less enjoyment of life, while 1 out of 5 showed an increase in the incidence of habitual hygiene problems (Heath et al 2007).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Coginitive Dysfunction Syndrome In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive dysfunction syndrome: updated behavioral and clinical evaluations as a tool to evaluate the well-being of aging dogs

et al. 2014

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Cognitive dysfunction syndrome: updated behavioral and clinical evaluations as a tool to evaluate the well-being of aging dogsSíndrome de disfunción cognitiva: actualización del conocimiento como herramienta para el bienestar animal en perros seniles RESUMENLa mejora en la atención veterinaria, la nutrición y el enriquecimiento del entorno doméstico ha facilitado que cada vez haya un mayor número de perros que vivan su etapa senil. Sin embargo, se debe tener en cuenta que una mayor longevidad implica una mayor prevalencia de problemas cognitivos en nuestras mascotas. A lo largo de su vida geriátrica los perros son más vulnerables a padecer síndromes demenciales neurodegenerativos de carácter progresivo. Una de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas que actualmente está siendo objeto de estudio por su elevada prevalencia es el síndrome de disfunción cognitiva. La enfermedad es una entidad neurocomportamental que se presenta en perros ancianos, caracterizado por un déficit en el aprendizaje, en la memoria y en la conciencia espacial del perro, además de ser un trastorno clínico que tiene un impacto significativo en la vida de los perros de edad avanzada y sus propietarios. La escasez de pruebas diagnósticas de alta confiabilidad que garanticen la presencia o no de la enfermedad, otorga a la identificación temprana de los signos clínicos, un papel crucial para el establecimiento de un buen pronóstico en términos de mejoría y extensión en la calidad de vida de los pacientes afectados. El tratamiento debe dirigirse a frenar la progresión de la pérdida de cognición, mediante la instauración de técnicas y programas que mejoren la actividad física, los aspectos nutricionales y el ambiente del animal. Por lo tanto, son necesarias futuras investigaciones en el conocimiento, control y prevención de esta patología, para disminuir el impacto generado por sus efectos sobre la calidad de vida de los perros y sus propietarios.Palabras clave: síndrome de disfunción cognitiva, perros, proteína β-amiloidea. SUMMARYImprovements in veterinary medicine, nutrition and the enrichment of the domestic environment have helped more dogs reach to their senile phase. However, greater longevity leads to a higher prevalence of cognitive problems in our pets. Throughout their geriatric lives, dogs are more vulnerable to suffering progressive neurodegenerative dementia syndromes. Due to its high prevalence, cognitive dysfunction syndrome is one of the most studied neurodegenerative diseases. This disease is a neurobehavioral entity that presents itself in senile dogs, and it is characterized by a deficit in learning, memory and the dog's spatial awareness. It is a clinical disorder that has a significant impact on older dogs and their owners. There is a lack of reliable diagnostic tests that can guarantee the presence of the disease, provide early identification of the clinical signs of this disease, or establish a prognosis in terms of the recovery and expansion of the quality of life of the affected patient. Treatment should be directed at slowi...

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Section: Physiopathology Of Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Epidemiology Of Coginitive Dysfunction Syndrome In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physiopathology Of Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiology Of Coginitive Dysfunction Syndrome In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiology Of Coginitive Dysfunction Syndrome In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive dysfunction syndrome: updated behavioral and clinical evaluations as a tool to evaluate the well-being of aging dogs

et al. 2014

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Cognitive Dysfunction and Related Sleep Disturbances

Woodruff¹

2017

Treatment and Care of the Geriatric Veterinary Patient

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Tau hyperphosphorylation in synaptosomes and neuroinflammation are associated with canine cognitive impairment

Smolek

Maďari

Farbáková

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

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Canine cognitive impairment syndrome (CDS) represents a group of symptoms related to the aging of the canine brain. These changes ultimately lead to a decline of memory function and learning abilities, alteration of social interaction, impairment of normal housetraining, and changes in sleep-wake cycle and general activity. We have clinically examined 215 dogs, 28 of which underwent autopsy. With canine brains, we performed extensive analysis of pathological abnormalities characteristic of human Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, including β-amyloid senile plaques, tau neurofibrillary tangles, and fused in sarcoma (FUS) and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43) inclusions. Most demented dogs displayed senile plaques, mainly in the frontal and temporal cortex. Tau neurofibrillary inclusions were found in only one dog. They were identified with antibodies used to detect tau neurofibrillary lesions in the human brain. The inclusions were also positive for Gallyas silver staining. As in humans, they were distributed mainly in the entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and temporal cortex. On the other hand, FUS and TDP43 aggregates were not present in any of the examined brain samples. We also found that CDS was characterized by the presence of reactive and senescent microglial cells in the frontal cortex. Our transcriptomic study revealed a significant dysregulation of genes involved in neuroinflammation. Finally, we analyzed tau phosphoproteome in the synaptosomes. Proteomic studies revealed a significant increase of hyperphosphorylated tau in synaptosomes of demented dogs compared with nondemented dogs. This study suggests that cognitive decline in dogs is related to the tau synaptic impairment and neuroinflammation. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:874-895, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome: Prevalence, clinical signs and treatment with a neuroprotective nutraceutical

Cited by 101 publications

References 79 publications

Cognitive dysfunction syndrome: updated behavioral and clinical evaluations as a tool to evaluate the well-being of aging dogs

Cognitive dysfunction syndrome: updated behavioral and clinical evaluations as a tool to evaluate the well-being of aging dogs

Cognitive Dysfunction and Related Sleep Disturbances

Tau hyperphosphorylation in synaptosomes and neuroinflammation are associated with canine cognitive impairment

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