Canine Astrocytic Tumors

Abstract

Tumors of astrocytic lineage are among the most common primary brain neoplasms in people and dogs. Current understanding of the pathogenesis of astrocytic tumors is limited in dogs compared with humans. In dogs, critical biological data concerning the natural history of disease progression, tumor imaging features, and response to therapeutic intervention are lacking. This review outlines the clinical, genetic, immunologic, and histopathologic characteristics of astrocytic tumors in dogs with special focus on comparative neuro-oncology. Common problems associated with the diagnosis of these neoplasms are summarized. Traditional veterinary histologic typing and grading of astrocytic tumors must be updated and supplemented with molecular data so that future studies directed toward therapeutic intervention and outcome can be optimized.

Maximizing Local Access to Therapeutic Deliveries in Glioblastoma. Part V: Clinically Relevant Model for Testing New Therapeutic Approaches

“…The histopathological and diagnostic imaging features of canine gliomas ( Figure 1) are also remarkable similar to their human counterparts (31)(32)(33)(34)(35). These shared morphologic features facilitate comparative classification and grading of tumors using World Health Organization criteria (36) and performing objective imaging-based therapeutic response assessments using the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) system criteria (28,37).…”

What is your diagnosis? Caudal fossa mass from a dog

“…3 Astrocytoma (particularly the anaplastic subtype) was considered to be the primary cytologic differential because the cells composing the mass exhibited significant anisokaryosis and nuclear pleomorphism on the cytologic preparations. 4,5 A definitive histopathologic diagnosis was challenging in this case due to the limited tissue specimen. The nuclear inclusions seen within some larger nuclei were an interesting feature and interpreted to be cytoplasmic invaginations.…”

“…Gliomas can contain mixed glial cell populations (eg, astrocytes can be found in varying numbers within oligodendrogliomas), and this can further complicate interpretation . Astrocytoma (particularly the anaplastic subtype) was considered to be the primary cytologic differential because the cells composing the mass exhibited significant anisokaryosis and nuclear pleomorphism on the cytologic preparations …”

Victory and Defeat in the Induction of a Therapeutic Response through Vaccine Therapy for Human and Canine Brain Tumors: A Review of the State of the Art

“…also identified cancer stem cell (CSC) in dog GBMs and examined the self-renewal ability of these glioblastoma cells with single colony formation and found both the clone formation rate and the subclone formation rate to be 100%. 240 These dog GBM cells expressed CD133, the CSC surface marker reported in human gliomas. To elucidate the ability of CSCs to initiate tumorigenesis upon xenograft transplantation, tumor cells were injected intracranially into nude mice that all subsequently developed tumors characterized with high cellular heterogeneity, neovascularization, and necrosis.…”