Canine and incisor microwear in pitheciids and <i>Ateles</i> reflects documented patterns of tooth use

Delezene, Lucas K.; Teaford, Mark F.; Ungar, Peter S.

doi:10.1002/ajpa.23002

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(347 reference statements)

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“…The pitheciids in this study represent differing levels of hard/tough seed reliance within their diets. As expected, given observations that the anterior teeth are responsible for initial seed processing in these taxa, the incisor and canine microwear reveal differences in feature depth and complexity between pitheciines and Callicebus (Delezene et al, ). Other seed‐eating genera, like mangabeys, process food with their molars, and display molar microwear differences in heterogeneity and anisotropy from leaf eaters.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…In addition to these six SSFA measures, eight International Organization for Standardization (ISO 25178–2) measures were used to evaluate the microwear scans (following Calandra, Schulz, Pinnow, Krohn, & Kaiser, ; Delezene et al, ; Purnell, Seehausen, & Galis, ; Schulz et al, ) (Table ). It has been suggested that SSFA measures correlate with food type intake, while ISO measures better reflect the functional interaction between food and teeth (Calandra et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stomach content analyses have shown the diet of Callicebus to include berries, fruit pulp, vegetable matter, insect remains, seeds, and bird egg (Hernandez‐Camacho & Cooper, ; Hershkovitz, ). While microwear texture work has focused on canine and incisor microwear (Delezene, Teaford, & Ungar, ), no molar microwear study has yet focused on Callicebus .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A molar microwear texture analysis of pitheciid primates

Ragni

Teaford

Ungar

2017

American J Primatol

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Dental microwear textures have been examined for a broad range of extant primates to assess their efficacy for reconstructing diets of fossil species. To date though, no dental microwear texture data have been published for pitheciid molars, despite reported variation in degree of sclerocarpy and, by extension, the fracture properties of foods these platyrrhines eat. While all pitheciids eat hard or tough seeds, Chiropotes and Pithecia have been documented to consume more than Callicebus. In this study, we explored whether measures of molar microwear texture complexity discriminate taxa following variation in reliance upon seeds, and whether dispersion among variables is greatest in Callicebus, which has the most variable diet. Here we report results for a study of microwear textures on M "Phase II" facets of Ch. satanas (N = 14), P. irrorata (N = 8), and Ca. moloch (N = 24) from the Brazilian Amazon (Oriximina, UHE Samuel, and Taperinha, respectively). Textures examined using a scanning confocal profiler showed significant differences in central tendencies for three measures: mean dale area (Sda), anisotropy (Str), and heterogeneity (HAsfc ). Ten measures showed significant differences in dispersion, with Callicebus being significantly more variable in eight of those ten. These results demonstrate that the pitheciids with different morphological adaptations and dietary reliance on seeds differ in their dental microwear textures, though less than initially hypothesized. Measures of dispersion, especially, show potential for identifying dietary variability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A molar microwear texture analysis of pitheciid primates

Ragni

Teaford

Ungar

2017

American J Primatol

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“…We are aware of only three other studies of microwear texture and diet on non-occlusal tooth surfaces, but none were based on ISO parameters, so direct comparison of texture attributes with our study is not possible. Nonetheless, these studies found significant relationships between diet/feeding and microwear textures on the labial surfaces of shrew incisors 53 , the labial surfaces of incisors in platyrrhine primates (New World primates) 54 and the buccal surfaces of molars in catarrhine primates (Old World primates) 55 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Dietary differences in archosaur and lepidosaur reptiles revealed by dental microwear textural analysis

Bestwick

Unwin

Purnell

2019

Sci Rep

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Reptiles are key components of modern ecosystems, yet for many species detailed characterisations of their diets are lacking. Data currently used in dietary reconstructions are limited either to the last few meals or to proxy records of average diet over temporal scales of months to years, providing only coarse indications of trophic level(s). Proxies that record information over weeks to months would allow more accurate reconstructions of reptile diets and better predictions of how ecosystems might respond to global change drivers. Here, we apply dental microwear textural analysis (DMTA) to dietary guilds encompassing both archosaurian and lepidosaurian reptiles, demonstrating its value as a tool for characterising diets over temporal scales of weeks to months. DMTA, involving analysis of the three-dimensional, sub-micrometre scale textures created on tooth surfaces by interactions with food, reveals that the teeth of reptiles with diets dominated by invertebrates, particularly invertebrates with hard exoskeletons (e.g. beetles and snails), exhibit rougher microwear textures than reptiles with vertebrate-dominated diets. Teeth of fish-feeding reptiles exhibit the smoothest textures of all guilds. These results demonstrate the efficacy of DMTA as a dietary proxy in taxa from across the phylogenetic range of extant reptiles. This method is applicable to extant taxa (living or museum specimens) and extinct reptiles, providing new insights into past, present and future ecosystems.

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“…Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) is a method of dietary reconstruction based on interpreting micro‐features as they appear on dental enamel. Since 2005, researchers have demonstrated its efficacy via comparative and experimental studies using extinct and extant organisms (e.g., Calandra, Schulz, Pinnow, Krohn, & Kaiser, ; Delezene, Teaford, & Ungar, ; DeSantis, Schubert, Scott, & Ungar, ; Estalrrich & Rosas, ; Purnell & Darras, ; Ragni, Teaford, & Ungar, ; Schulz, Calandra, & Kaiser, ; Scott et al, ; Scott et al, ; Scott, Teaford, & Ungar, ; Shearer et al, ; Teaford & Ungar, ; Teaford, Ungar, Taylor, Ross, & Vinyard, ; Ungar, Grine, & Teaford, ). Specifically, the DMTA derived from living primates has been especially integral in the contextualization of fossil primate and hominin diets (e.g., Delezene, Zolnierz, Teaford, Grine, & Ungar, ; El Zaatari, Grine, Ungar, & Hublin, ; Grine, Ungar, Teaford, & El Zaatari, ; Karriger, Schmidt, & Smith, ; Scott et al, ; Ungar, ; Ungar et al, ; Ungar, Krueger, Blumenschine, Njao, & Scott, ; Ungar & Scott, ; Ungar, Scott, & Steininger, ; Ungar & Sponheimer, ) and recent experimental work has allowed us to better understand the mechanics of microwear formation (e.g., Daegling, Hua, & Ungar, ; Hua, Brandt, Meullenet, Zhou, & Ungar, ; Xia et al, , ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Dental microwear texture analysis ofHomo sapienssapiens: Foragers, farmers, and pastoralists

Schmidt

Remy

Sessen

et al. 2019

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives The current study seeks to determine if a sample of foragers, farmers, and pastoralists are distinguishable based on their dental microwear texture signatures. Materials and methods The study included a sample of 719 individuals from 51 archeological sites (450 farmers, 192 foragers, 77 pastoralists). All were over age 12 and sexes were pooled. Using a Sensofar® white‐light confocal profiler we collected dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) data from a single first or second molar from each individual. We leveled and cleaned data clouds following standard procedures and analyzed the data with Sfrax® and Toothfrax® software. The DMTA variables were complexity and anisotropy. Statistics included ANOVA with partial eta squared and Hedges's g. We also performed a follow‐up K‐means cluster analysis. Results We found significant differences between foragers and farmers and pastoralists for complexity and anisotropy, with foragers having greater complexity than either the farmers or the pastoralists. The farmers and pastoralists had greater anisotropy than the foragers. The Old World foragers had significantly higher anisotropy values than New World foragers. Old and New World farmers did not differ. Among the Old World farmers, those dating from the Neolithic through the Late Bronze Age had higher complexity values than those from the Iron Age through the medieval period. The cluster analysis discerned foragers and farmers but also indicated similarity between hard food foragers and hard food farmers. Discussion Our findings reaffirm that DMTA is capable of distinguishing human diets. We found that foragers and farmers, in particular, differ in their microwear signatures across the globe. There are some exceptions, but nothing that would be unexpected given the range of human diets and food preparation techniques. This study indicates that in general DMTA is an efficacious means of paleodietary reconstruction in humans.

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Canine and incisor microwear in pitheciids and Ateles reflects documented patterns of tooth use

Abstract: These findings align with expectations from reported field observations of tooth use and illustrate the potential for using microwear texture analysis to infer patterns of anterior tooth use in extinct primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 161:6-25, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Cited by 15 publications

References 120 publications

A molar microwear texture analysis of pitheciid primates

A molar microwear texture analysis of pitheciid primates

Dietary differences in archosaur and lepidosaur reptiles revealed by dental microwear textural analysis

Dental microwear texture analysis ofHomo sapienssapiens: Foragers, farmers, and pastoralists

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