Candidemia in patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices

Nakamura, Tomofumi; Narui, Ryohsuke; Holmes, Benjamin; Norton, Caleb; Kim, Eun-Jeong; Nakajima, Ikutaro; Stevenson, William G.; Greene, Matthew H; John, Roy M.; Ellis, Christopher R.; Crossley, George H.; Montgomery, Jay A.

doi:10.1007/s10840-020-00706-0

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fungal infections (1% of CIED infections) affect mostly immunocompromised patients with a high mortality rate; Candida spp. is the most frequent fungus ( 32 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the fungal infection subgroup is related to immunocompromised patients and is distinguished by high mortality; in this subgroup, the most common microorganism is Candida spp. (32). We used 10 (45.5%) of the 22 studies to calculate the positive culture prevalence (2 studies [9%] only reported on samples with positive cultures, and the remaining 10 [45.5%] did not report this information).…”

Section: Microbial Prevalence In Patients With Cied Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infection and New Insights About Correlation Between Pro-inflammatory Markers and Heart Failure: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

Zerbo

Perrone

Bilotta

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Introduction: Surgical approaches to treat patients with abnormal pro-inflammatory parameters remain controversial, and the debate on the correlation between hematological parameter alteration in cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection and the increase in mortality continues.Methods: We performed a systematic review using the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. Twenty-two articles from May 2007 to April 2020 were selected and divided according to the following topics: prevalence of microbes in patients with CIED infection; characteristics of patients with CIED infection; comparison between patients who underwent and did not undergo replantation after device extraction; and correlation between alteration of hematological parameters and poor prognosis analysis.Results: Epidemiological analysis confirmed high prevalence of male sex, staphylococcal infection, and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). The most common comorbidity was heart failure. Complete removal of CIED and antimicrobial therapy combination are the gold standard. CIED replacement was associated with higher survival. High preoperative white blood cell count and C-reactive protein levels increased the risk of right ventricular failure (RVF) development. Increased red blood cell distribution width (RDW) value or decreased platelet count was correlated with poor prognosis. No correlation was noted between preoperative leukocytosis and CIED infection.Discussion: A relevant correlation between leukocytosis and RVF was observed. Heart failure may be related to high RDW values and decreased platelet count. Data on the correlation between hematological parameter alteration and poor prognosis are missing in many studies because of delayed implantation in patients showing signs of infection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fungal infections (1% of CIED infections) affect mostly immunocompromised patients with a high mortality rate; Candida spp. is the most frequent fungus ( 32 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbial Prevalence In Patients With Cied Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infection and New Insights About Correlation Between Pro-inflammatory Markers and Heart Failure: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

Zerbo

Perrone

Bilotta

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Nearly all articles included small numbers of patients that satisfied the inclusion criteria, ranging from one to eight patients. We identified 48 cases from 41 individual studies that satisfied the prespecified inclusion criteria 9–49 . Among these patients, the mean age was 58 years, and 31% were female.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of systemic fungal infections in the presence of a cardiac implantable electronic device: A systematic review

Baman

Medhekar

Jain

et al. 2020

Pacing Clinical Electrophis

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Evidence to inform the management of systemic fungal infections in the setting of a cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED), such as a permanent pacemaker or implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator, is scant and limited to case reports and series. The available literature suggests high morbidity and mortality. To better characterize the shared experience of these cases and their outcomes, we performed a systematic review. We investigated all published reports of systemic fungal infections—fungemia and fungal vegetative disease—in the context of CIED, drawing from PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database of systematic reviews, inclusive of patients who received treatment between January 2000 and May 2020. Exclusion criteria included presence of ventricular assist device and concurrent bacteremia, bacterial endocarditis, bacterial vegetative infection, or viremia. Among 6261 screened articles, 48 cases from 41 individual studies were identified. Candida and Aspergillus species were the most commonly isolated fungi. There was significant heterogeneity in antifungal medication selection and duration. CIED extraction—either transvenous or surgical—was associated with increased survival to hospital discharge (92%) and clinical recovery at latest follow‐up (81%), compared to cases where CIED extraction was deferred (56% and 40%, respectively). Importantly, there were no prospective data, and the data were limited to individual case reports and one small case series. In summary, CIED extraction is associated with improved fungal clearance and patient survival. Reported antifungal regimens are heterogeneous and nonuniform. Prospective studies are needed to verify these results and define optimal antifungal regimens.

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Risk of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infection in Patients with Bloodstream Infection: Microbiologic Effect in the Era of Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography

2023

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Candidemia in patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infection and New Insights About Correlation Between Pro-inflammatory Markers and Heart Failure: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infection and New Insights About Correlation Between Pro-inflammatory Markers and Heart Failure: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

Management of systemic fungal infections in the presence of a cardiac implantable electronic device: A systematic review

Risk of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infection in Patients with Bloodstream Infection: Microbiologic Effect in the Era of Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography

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