Candida spp. biotypes in the oral cavity of school children from different socioeconomic categories in Piracicaba - SP, Brazil

Abstract

Two hundred and thirty-nine (239) Brazilian children, distributed into five distinct socioeconomic categories (A to E) were studied. Saliva samples were analyzed as to flow rate, pH, buffer capacity and microbial parameters. The results revealed the presence of Candida spp. in 47.3% of the samples. The most commonly isolated species was C. albicans, in all socioeconomic categories, followed by C. tropicalis, C. krusei and C. parapsilosis. There was no statistical correlation between secretion rate, buffer capacity and Candida spp. CFU/ml. The prevalence of Candida spp. did not differ substantially among the groups; however the microorganisms were more detected in categories B and C. Among all species, C. albicans was the most prevalent. Only 5% of the sample presented more than one species -C. albicans associated with C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis or C. krusei. It was possible to detect a significant correlation between caries indices and the socioeconomic categories. All categories presented increased caries indices; however the studied population was considered of low caries risk. There was no positive correlation between the presence of Candida and caries risk in the analyzed population.

Exogenous niacin treatment increases NADPH oxidase in kiwifruit

“…Yeasts of Candida play an extremely important role in high frequent infections and colonization in humans (Moris et al, 2008;Lass-Flörl, 2009;Savastano et al, 2016). These findings agrees with the reported by several authors related to the colonization prevalence of C. albicans over other species in the oral cavity, and consequently on the subsequent candidiasis development (Moreira et al, 2001;Grimoud et al, 2003;Naglik et al, 2003;Moris et al, 2008;Moyes and Naglik, 2011).…”

“…47.3% of positivity of Candida spp. in the oral cavity was also found in a group of children of a school from different socioeconomic status without candidiasis lesions, in which C. albicanswas the prevailing specie, corresponding to 95% of all the isolates (Moreira et al, 2001). Yeasts of Candida play an extremely important role in high frequent infections and colonization in humans (Moris et al, 2008;Lass-Flörl, 2009;Savastano et al, 2016).…”

Occurrence and predisposing factors associated to the genus Candida in children

“…Similar values were reported by other researchers, as for example Jorge et al 23 who selected 142 children aged 3-14 and found Candida in 41.55% of the population; and Moreira et al 24 , who observed that the yeast was present in saliva samples of 47.3% healthy children of different socioeconomic levels. Lower values were reported by Barbieri 11 who found that 12 out of 38 children (31.57%) hosted yeasts of the genus Candida, and Komiyama et al 25 observed the presence of Candida spp.…”

Microbiological study of Candida sp in HIV-seropositive patients with a subclinical diagnosis of oral candidiasis

“…Some of the non-albicans species are considered emerging pathogens, including C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. krusei (1,2,13,15,16,30). Studies have reported a reduced survival, discomfort, pain and halitosis in HIV-seropositive patients with oral candidiasis, with some type of treatment being necessary which may compromise even further the immune system of these patients (5,7,19,22).…”

“…Numerous oral manifestations have been described for HIV-infected patients and the most common are those resulting from fungal infections, specific and nonspecific bacterial infections, viral infections and neoplasms, and those of unknown etiology (1,19).…”