Candida species causing fungal keratitis: molecular identification, antifungal susceptibility, biofilm formation, and clinical aspects

Bezerra, Fernanda Machado; Rocchetti, Talita Trevizani; Lima, Soraia Lopes; Yu, Maria Cecília Zorat; Matta, Daniel Archimedes da; Höfling-Lima, Ana Luísa; Melo, Analy Salles de Azevedo; Oliveira, Lauro Augusto de

doi:10.1007/s42770-023-00964-w

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…However, FK is often characterized by the presence of mature, hyphal fungi, often encased in a biofilm [15]. Biofilm formation has been reported to contribute to antifungal resistance in Fusarium FK infections as well as reduced antifungal susceptibility in cultures of Fusarium, Candida, and Aspergillus [16][17][18]. Therefore, to make a practical prediction regarding clinical efficacy of an antifungal, biofilm susceptibility must be considered alongside already reported conidial susceptibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-Dependent Differential In Vitro and Ex Vivo Susceptibility of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium keratoplasticum to Azole Antifungals

Roberts,

Salmon,

Cubeta

et al. 2023

JoF

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Fungal keratitis (FK) is an invasive infection of the cornea primarily associated with Aspergillus and Fusarium species. FK is treated empirically with a limited selection of topical antifungals with varying levels of success. Though clinical infections are typically characterized by a dense network of mature mycelium, traditional models used to test antifungal susceptibility of FK isolates exclusively evaluate susceptibility in fungal cultures derived from asexual spores known as conidia. The purpose of this study was to characterize differences in fungal response when topical antifungal treatment is initiated at progressive phases of fungal development. We compared the efficacy of voriconazole and luliconazole against in vitro cultures of A. flavus and F. keratoplasticum at 0, 24, and 48 h of fungal development. A porcine cadaver corneal model was used to compare antifungal efficacy of voriconazole and luliconazole in ex vivo tissue cultures of A. flavus and F. keratoplasticum at 0, 24, and 48 h of fungal development. Our results demonstrate phase-dependent susceptibility of both A. flavus and F. keratoplasticum to both azoles in vitro as well as ex vivo. We conclude that traditional antifungal susceptibility testing with conidial suspensions does not correlate with fungal susceptibility in cultures of a more advanced developmental phase. A revised method of antifungal susceptibility testing that evaluates hyphal susceptibility may better predict fungal response in the clinical setting where treatment is often delayed until days after the initial insult.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-Dependent Differential In Vitro and Ex Vivo Susceptibility of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium keratoplasticum to Azole Antifungals

Roberts,

Salmon,

Cubeta

et al. 2023

JoF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Phase-Dependent Differential In Vitro and Ex Vivo Susceptibility of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium keratoplasticum to Azole Antifungals

Roberts,

Salmon,

Cubeta

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fungal keratitis (FK) is an invasive infection of the cornea primarily associated with Aspergillus and Fusarium species. FK is treated empirically with a limited selection of topical antifungals with varying levels of success. Though clinical infections are typically characterized by a dense network of mature mycelium, traditional models used to test antifungal susceptibility of FK isolates exclusively evaluate susceptibility in fungal cultures derived from asexual spores known as conidia. The purpose of this study was to characterize differences in fungal response when topical antifungal treatment is initiated at progressive phases of fungal development. We compared efficacy of voriconazole and luliconazole against in vitro cultures of A. flavus and F. keratoplasticum at 0, 24, and 48 h of fungal development. A porcine cadaver corneal model was used to compare antifungal efficacy of voriconazole and luliconazole in ex vivo tissue cultures of A. flavus and F. keratoplasticum at 0, 24, and 48 h of fungal development. Our results demonstrate phase-dependent susceptibility of both A. flavus and F. keratoplasticum to both azoles in vitro as well as ex vivo. We conclude that traditional antifungal susceptibility testing with conidial suspensions does not correlate with fungal susceptibility in cultures of a more advanced developmental phase. A revised method of antifungal susceptibility testing that evaluates hyphal susceptibility may better predict fungal response in the clinical setting where treatment is often delayed until days after the initial insult.

show abstract

Candida species causing fungal keratitis: molecular identification, antifungal susceptibility, biofilm formation, and clinical aspects

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

Phase-Dependent Differential In Vitro and Ex Vivo Susceptibility of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium keratoplasticum to Azole Antifungals

Phase-Dependent Differential In Vitro and Ex Vivo Susceptibility of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium keratoplasticum to Azole Antifungals

Phase-Dependent Differential In Vitro and Ex Vivo Susceptibility of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium keratoplasticum to Azole Antifungals

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