Candida Endocarditis in Two Patients

Premsingh, Nalini; Kapila, Rajendra; Tecson, Flor; Smith, Leon G.; Louria, Donald B.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1976.03630020062013

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, C. guillermondii, C. stellatoidea as well as C. tropicalis were also cultured (8,13,18,24). In most cases of endocarditis Amphotericin B (1, 6, 8, 14, 17, 25) and 5-fluorocytosin treatments (8,14,17,22) proved to be ineffective. Earlier inycotic serologic examinations were rarely performed in patients undergoing open-heart surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening for Candidosis in Patients with Open‐Heart Surgery: Vorsorgliche Suche nach Candidosen bei Patienten mit Operationen am offenen Herzen

Török

1979

Mycoses

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Summary: Mycotic and serological examinations were performed in 80 patients undergoing open‐heart surgery before and after operation. In the postoperative phase more yeasts — mainly Candida albicans — were isolated from throat swabs and from the urine than before operation. Out of 110 serological tests, agglutination was positive in 4, complement fixation test in 8 cases. After open‐heart surgery an early Nystatin prophylaxis is suggested since by this treatment the number of Candida mycoses can be decreased or avoided at all. Zusammenfassung: Bei 80 Patienten wurden vor und nach der Herzklappen‐operation mykologische und serologische Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Kulturbefunde waren in Rachenabstrichen und im Urin nach der Operation öfters positiv. Der Haupt‐erreger war Candida albicans. Bei 110 serologischen Untersuchungen war die Agglutination in 4, die Komplementbindungsreaktion in 8 Fällen positiv. Die Autoren emp‐fehlen, nach Herzklappenoperationen frühzeitig mit einer Nystatin‐Prophylaxe zu beginnen, um so die Zahl der Candida‐Mykosen zu vermindern.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Murray (11) stated that in 66 % of the cases Candida agglutinins appeared 10-13 days after the operation. Evans et al (14) found low agglutinin titres before operation, while two weeks after the operation the titre reached its peak.…”

Section: Tricbosporon Cutaneummentioning

confidence: 94%

Screening for Candidosis in Patients with Open‐Heart Surgery: Vorsorgliche Suche nach Candidosen bei Patienten mit Operationen am offenen Herzen

Török

1979

Mycoses

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“…5-Fluorocytosine (Flucytosine, Ancobon), amphotericin B (Fungizone), clotrimazole (Camesten), miconazole nitrate (Micatin, Monistat) and rifampin (Rifadine, Rimactane) have been used in systemic candidiasis [Fa.v.v and Perkins, 1971;Tassel and Madoff, 1968;Premsingh et al, 1976] but there is every justification to increase its therapeutic action by combined drug thera py, increasing use of triple or quadruple drug therapy is found in the fields of cancer tuberculosis and leprosy chemotherapy \Vishwanathan et Rohde, 1975;Bonadonna et al, 1975]. It may well be that 5-fluorocytosine is combined with clotrima zole [bis-phenyl-l-(2-chlorophenyl)-l-imidazolyl methane] and miconazole [l-{-2-(2,4-dichlorphenyl)-2-(2,4 dichloro-phenyl methoxy) ethyl}-lH-imidazole mononitrate] may not be fully effective in Candida endo carditis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic X-63 in Experimental Candidiasis of Mice

Gupta¹,

Mathur²,

Gupta³

1978

Chemotherapy

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X-63, a polyene antibiotic of heptaene series showed activity against experimental infection with Candida albicans in mice, by several routes. The oral, intraperitoneal and intravenous activities ranged between dosages of 3.1–50, 0.06–0.5 and 0.25–0.5 mg/kg, respectively. Seven days treatment by intraperitoneal route caused significant progressive reduction of colony-forming units in kidney homogenates of infected mice, which was comparable to amphotericin B. The regression of infection was further demonstrated histopathologically. In vitro, antibiotic X-63 was similar to nystatin against nine strains of Candida used. It also proved active against amphotericin B-resistant strains of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. pseudotropicalis, C. krusei, and C. parakrusei. The use of combined drug therapy in candidiasis has been discussed.

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“…I believe this is too facile a concept. One review suggests that medical therapy and surgical therapy are about equally effective, each resulting in about a 50% recovery rate [9]. However, these figures are based only on reported cases and, therefore, are undoubtedly overestimates of recovery rates.…”

Section: Invited Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited commentary

Louria¹

1980

World j. surg.

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sized here that for staphylococcal, gram-negative, and enterococcal endocarditis, bacteriocidal serum levels are of great importance in predicting the adequacy of therapy. With currently available antibiotics, it is doubtful that the majority of gram-negative endocarditis can be cured without surgical excision of the valve. The only way to avoid the process of trial and error and failure and relapse is to thoroughly investigate the antibiotic sensitivity of the infecting strain early in the disease and determine if it is possible to achieve antibiotic concentrations in the patient's serum that exceed the minimal concentration needed to kill the organism by 4 or 8 fold.

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Candida Endocarditis in Two Patients

Cited by 16 publications

References 52 publications

Screening for Candidosis in Patients with Open‐Heart Surgery: Vorsorgliche Suche nach Candidosen bei Patienten mit Operationen am offenen Herzen

Screening for Candidosis in Patients with Open‐Heart Surgery: Vorsorgliche Suche nach Candidosen bei Patienten mit Operationen am offenen Herzen

Antibiotic X-63 in Experimental Candidiasis of Mice

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