Candida albicans Colonization and ASCA in Familial Crohn's Disease

Standaert-Vitse, Annie; Sendid, Boualem; Joossens, Marie; François, Nadine; Khoury,, P. V. E; Branche, Julien; Kruiningen, Herbert Van; Jouault, Thierry; Rutgeerts, Paul; Gower‐Rousseau, Corinne; Libersa, Christian; Neut, Christel; Broly, Franck; Chamaillard, Mathias; Vermeire, Séverine; Poulain, Daniel; Colombel, Jean–Frédéric

doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.225

Cited by 172 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Candida gut overgrowth has been associated with a number of diseases such as diabetes, hematologic malignancies, Crohn's disease and graft vs. host disease and populations such as hospital inpatients and extremely low birth weight infants (TABLE II). Patients with gastrointestinal disorders such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are more frequently and heavily colonized by C. albicans than are control groups (Ksiadzyna et al 2009, Standaert-Vitse et al 2009). …”

Section: The Gut Mycobiome In Healthy and Diseased Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The human gut mycobiome: pitfalls and potentials--a mycologists perspective

2015

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Abstract:We have entered the Age of the Microbiome, with new studies appearing constantly and whole journals devoted to the human microbiome. While bacteria outnumber other gut microbes by orders of magnitude, eukaryotes are consistently found in the human gut and are represented primarily by the fungi. Compiling 36 studies 1917-2015 we found at least 267 distinct fungal taxa have been reported from the human gut, and seemingly every new study includes one or more fungi not previously described from this niche. This diversity, while impressive, is illusory. If we examine gut fungi, we will quickly observe a division between a small number of commonly detected species (Candida yeasts, Saccharomyces and yeasts in the Dipodascaceae, and Malassezia species) and a long tail of taxa that have been reported only once. Furthermore, an investigation into the ecology of these rare species reveals that many of them are incapable of colonization or long-term persistence in the gut. This paper examines what we know and have yet to learn about the fungal component of the gut microbiome, or "mycobiome", and an overview of methods. We address the potential of the field while introducing some caveats and argue for the necessity of including mycologists in mycobiome studies.

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Section: The Gut Mycobiome In Healthy and Diseased Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The human gut mycobiome: pitfalls and potentials--a mycologists perspective

2015

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“…Five isolates were collected during a study comparing fecal yeast loads and species distributions in patients with proven viral or bacterial diarrhea with those in healthy subjects (41a). Twenty-six isolates were collected in the framework of a case control study analyzing the correlation between Candida digestive carriage, detected from mouth swab and stool sample cultures, and the presence of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae serum antibodies associated with Crohn's disease (CD) in subjects from northern Belgium and northeastern France (44). Three digestive tract isolates came from strain collections.…”

Section: Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus Microsatellite Markers for Molecular Typing of Candida glabrata : Application to Analysis of Genetic Relationships between Bloodstream and Digestive System Isolates

et al. 2010

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Candida glabrata has emerged as the second most common etiologic agent, after Candida albicans, of superficial and invasive candidiasis in adults. Strain typing is essential for epidemiological investigation, but easy-to-use and reliable typing methods are still lacking. We report the use of a multilocus microsatellite typing method with a set of eight markers on a panel of 180 strains, including 136 blood isolates from hospitalized patients and 34 digestive tract isolates from nonhospitalized patients. A total of 44 different alleles were observed, generating 87 distinct genotypes. In addition to perfect reproducibility, typing ability, and stability, the method had a discriminatory power calculated at 0.97 when all 8 markers were associated, making it suitable for tracing strains. In addition, it is shown that digestive tract isolates differed from blood culture isolates by exhibiting a higher genotypic diversity associated with different allelic frequencies and preferentially did not group in clonal complexes (CCs). The demonstration of the occurrence of microevolution in digestive strains supports the idea that C. glabrata can be a persistent commensal of the human gut.

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“…Ainsi, il semble que dans ces familles, un premier niveau de dérégulation de la « perception de C. albicans » chez les parents sains se traduise par la synthèse d'ASCA. Un second niveau, observé chez les malades, se traduit par l'existence de taux stables d'ASCA indépendants de l'intensité du portage de C. albicans au moment du prélèvement [34]. A. Résultats observés avec les tests développés spécifiquement pour le diagnostic des candidoses.…”

Section: éTablissement De Relations Sérologiques Présence D'asca Chezunclassified

Glycannes pariétaux de levures et anticorps spécifiques

et al. 2009

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Une des spécificités « historiques » de la mycologie médi-cale est d'utiliser les anticorps expérimentaux et humains produits contre les molécules fongiques afin de mieux comprendre la biologie des champignons et les processus pathologiques qu'ils induisent, et d'en faciliter le diagnostic [4][5][6]. Chez les champignons, les « glycannes » 1 représentent jusqu'à 80 % de la paroi [1-3] et il n'est donc pas étonnant que pour les espèces impliquées en pathologie humaine, ils soient la cible privilégiée de la réponse immune. Nous proposons dans cette revue une synthèse des données expérimentales et cliniques démontrant tout l'intérêt des anticorps anti-glycannes pour l'exploration des mécanismes physiopathologiques et pour le diagnostic, et nous l'illustrerons dans deux entités cliniques distinctes, les candidoses et la maladie de Crohn.1 Les glycannes comprennent les polysaccharides, les oligosaccharides et les parties saccharidiques des glycoconjugués (où ils sont associés à des protéines ou à des lipides). C. albicans, candidoses et maladie de CrohnCandida et Candidoses C. albicans est un hôte naturel du tube digestif et du vagin humain. Si on ne connaît pas le bénéfice de ce portage, on en connaît en revanche les effets néfastes : les candidoses vaginales affectent 75 % des femmes au moins une fois dans leur existence et les candidoses oro-pharyngées 90 % des patients infectés par le VIH (virus de l'immunodéficience humaine) parvenus au stade SIDA. Ces chiffres attestent l'omniprésence de C. albicans sur les muqueuses humaines. Cette colonisation est également à l'origine d'infections profondes survenant en milieu hospitalier chez des patients affaiblis par leur pathologie primaire et les actes médico-chirurgicaux mis en oeuvre pour la traiter [7]. L'importance et la gravité des candidoses nosocomiales ont été sous estimées jusqu'à ce que les grandes études épi-démiologiques réalisées dans les années 1990 révèlent

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Candida albicans Colonization and ASCA in Familial Crohn's Disease

Cited by 172 publications

References 71 publications

The human gut mycobiome: pitfalls and potentials--a mycologists perspective

The human gut mycobiome: pitfalls and potentials--a mycologists perspective

Multilocus Microsatellite Markers for Molecular Typing of Candida glabrata : Application to Analysis of Genetic Relationships between Bloodstream and Digestive System Isolates

Glycannes pariétaux de levures et anticorps spécifiques

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