Candida albicans: Clinical Relevance, Pathogenesis, and Host Immunity

Correia, Alexandra; Sampaio, Paula; Vilanova, Manuel; Pais, Célia

doi:10.1002/9781118644843.ch50

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Candida albicans is believed to be the most virulent species and is also the species most commonly encountered in medical practices. However, over the past years, the number of infections due to non‐ albicans species such as C. glabrata , C. parapsilosis , C. tropicalis and C. krusei has increased dramatically (Sardi et al ; Correia et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most important virulence factors of C. albicans is its ability to reversibly switch between yeast and hyphal forms. This ability has been associated with tissue destruction and invasion (Correia et al ). In addition, the dimorphic transition from the yeast to the hyphal phase is a crucial step in the formation of biofilm, which plays an important role in pathogenesis, since the majority of diseases produced by C. albicans are associated with biofilm growth (Sardi et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new acridone with antifungal properties againstCandidaspp. and dermatophytes, and antibiofilm activity againstC. albicans

Oliveira

Silva

et al. 2019

J Appl Microbiol

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Aim:The increase in the number of fungal infections worldwide, coupled with the limitations of current antifungal chemotherapy, demand the development of safe and effective new antifungals. Here, we presented the synthesis of a novel acridone (M14) and its antifungal properties against Candida and dermatophytes species. Methods and Results: A series of 17 acridones was designed, synthesized and tested for its antifungal activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the broth microdilution method. Only the acridone M14 showed growth-inhibitory activity against reference strains and clinical isolates of Candida and dermatophytes, with MIC range of 7Á81-31Á25 µg ml À1 . Moreover, M14 exhibited fungicidal activity and prevented biofilm formation by C. albicans as well as reduced the viability of preformed biofilms, even at sub-MICs. The confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis revealed that C. albicans hyphal growth was completely inhibited in the presence of M14. Similarly, there was a severe inhibition on hyphal growth of Trichophyton rubrum. We also found that M14 has relatively low toxicity to human fibroblasts. Conclusions: The new acridone M14 has antifungal properties against Candida spp. and dermatophytes, and antibiofilm activity against C. albicans. In addition, M14 is relatively selective to fungal cells compared to human normal cells. Significance and Impact of the Study: Because of its in vitro antifungal activity, anti-Candida biofilm effect and moderate cytotoxicity towards normal human cell, M14 may serve as a valuable lead compound to develop a new antifungal agent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new acridone with antifungal properties againstCandidaspp. and dermatophytes, and antibiofilm activity againstC. albicans

Oliveira

Silva

et al. 2019

J Appl Microbiol

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Pathogenicity Mechanism of Candida albicans

Pattnaik¹,

Maharana²,

Sethi³

2021

Infectious Diseases

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In normal human microbiome, the polymorphic fungus Candida albicans is a crucial member. C. albicans resides mostly in individual as harmless commensal life. In specific situations, however, C. albicans can cause diseases that cause contaminations of the skin to life-threatening fundamental contaminations. Pathogenesis of Candida species is contributed by multiple factors. Some of the major contributors are enlisted here. These include host pathogen interaction, receptors molecule like TLR recognition, TLR signaling, C type lectin receptors, Dectin 1,2 and 3, mannose receptor, mincle, DC sign, Nod-Like Receptors (NLRs) and inflammasomes, soluble molecules in candida recognition, cellular responses to candida such as neutrophils, macrophages. This chapter enlightens all the components of candida pathogenicity by the assessment of Candida species pathogenic determinants. All together these will explain the current knowledge about how these determinant factors and receptors modulate virulence as well as consequent infection. Better understanding of candida pathogenicity mechanism can be the resultant of better treatment guidelines along with development of novel antifungal agents. Overall, in this review we present an update in the current understanding of the insight of pathogenicity mechanisms in this important human pathogen.

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Candida albicans: Clinical Relevance, Pathogenesis, and Host Immunity

Cited by 2 publications

References 302 publications

A new acridone with antifungal properties againstCandidaspp. and dermatophytes, and antibiofilm activity againstC. albicans

A new acridone with antifungal properties againstCandidaspp. and dermatophytes, and antibiofilm activity againstC. albicans

Pathogenicity Mechanism of Candida albicans

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